Articles

Acute and chronic effects of Rhaponticum carthamoides and Rhodiola rosea extracts supplementation coupled to resistance exercise on muscle protein synthesis and mechanical power in rats

Owing to its strength-building and adaptogenic properties, Rhaponticum carthamoides (Rha) has been commonly used by elite Soviet and Russian athletes. Rhodiola rosea (Rho) is known to reduce physical and mental f...

Authors: Rémi Roumanille, Barbara Vernus, Thomas Brioche, Vincent Descossy, Christophe Tran Van Ba, Sarah Campredon, Antony G. Philippe, Pierre Delobel, Christelle Bertrand-Gaday, Angèle Chopard, Anne Bonnieu, Guillaume Py and Pascale Fança-Berthon

Dietary and plasma blood α-linolenic acid as modulators of fat oxidation and predictors of aerobic performance

Among n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), the most important is α-linolenic acid (ALA). The biological activity of ALA is not equivalent to that of the long-chain n-3 PUFAs, and it has pleiotropic effects...

Authors: Aleksandra Y. Lyudinina, Ekaterina A. Bushmanova, Nina G. Varlamova and Evgeny R. Bojko

Understanding the effects of beetroot juice intake on CrossFit performance by assessing hormonal, metabolic and mechanical response: a randomized, double-blind, crossover design

Acute beetroot juice (BJ) intake has shown to enhance aerobic and anaerobic performance. However, no studies have evaluated the effects of BJ intake on CrossFit (CF) performance by linking hormonal, metabolic,...

Authors: Manuel Vicente Garnacho-Castaño, Guillem Palau-Salvà, Noemí Serra-Payá, Mario Ruiz-Hermosel, Marina Berbell, Xavier Viñals, Manuel Gomis Bataller, Teresa Carbonell, Sergio Vilches-Saez, Eulogio Pleguezuelos Cobo and Lorena Molina-Raya

Effect of 8-week n-3 fatty-acid supplementation on oxidative stress and inflammation in middle- and long-distance running athletes: a pilot study

Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), may alter oxidative status and immune function after exercise. The aim of this pilot study was to...

Authors: Daniela Buonocore, Manuela Verri, Andrea Giolitto, Enrico Doria, Michele Ghitti and Maurizia Dossena

Assessing the impact of a mushroom-derived food ingredient on vitamin D levels in healthy volunteers

Prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency has been noted in athletic populations, although less is known about recreationally active individuals. Biofortification of natural food sources (e.g. UV radiat...

Authors: Jorge Marques Pinto, Viviane Merzbach, Ashley G. B. Willmott, Jose Antonio and Justin Roberts

The effect of vitamin D supplementation on the muscle damage after eccentric exercise in young men: a randomized, control trial

Vitamin D contributes to the optimal functioning of muscles. This study was designed to determine the modulating effect of vitamin D supplementation on the degree of muscle cell damage caused by eccentric exer...

Authors: W. Pilch, B. Kita, A. Piotrowska, Ł. Tota, M. Maciejczyk, O. Czerwińska-Ledwig, E. Sadowska- Krepa, S. Kita and T. Pałka

Reviewing the current methods of assessing hydration in athletes

Despite a substantial body of research, no clear best practice guidelines exist for the assessment of hydration in athletes. Body water is stored in and shifted between different sites throughout the body comp...

Authors: Oliver R. Barley, Dale W. Chapman and Chris R. Abbiss

Re-esterified DHA improves ventilatory threshold 2 in competitive amateur cyclists

Fish oils were studied as ergogenic aids in a number of mixed physical trial designs showing promising results. However, the heterogeneous purity of the studied supplements, combined with the variety of physic...

Authors: Vicente Ávila-Gandía, Antonio Torregrosa-García, Antonio J. Luque-Rubia, María Salud Abellán-Ruiz, Desirée Victoria-Montesinos and F. Javier López-Román

Correction to: Beta alanine supplementation effects on metabolic contribution and swimming performance

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Authors: Matheus Silva Norberto, Ricardo Augusto Barbieri, Danilo Rodrigues Bertucci, Ronaldo Bucken Gobbi, Eduardo Zapaterra Campos, Alessandrou Moura Zagatto, Ellen Cristini De Freitas and Marcelo Papoti

The bright and the dark sides of L-carnitine supplementation: a systematic review

L-carnitine (LC) is used as a supplement by recreationally-active, competitive and highly trained athletes. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of prolonged LC supplementation on metabolism and ...

Authors: Angelika K. Sawicka, Gianluca Renzi and Robert A. Olek

Correction to: Effects of Bang® Keto Coffee Energy Drink on Metabolism and Exercise Performance in Resistance-Trained Adults: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Crossover Study

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Authors: Patrick S. Harty, Matthew T. Stratton, Guillermo Escalante, Christian Rodriguez, Jacob R. Dellinger, Abegale D. Williams, Sarah J. White, Robert W. Smith, Baylor A. Johnson, Mark B. Sanders and Grant M. Tinsley

Caffeine supplementation induces higher IL-6 and IL-10 plasma levels in response to a treadmill exercise test

An acute bout of exercise induces an inflammatory response characterized by increases in several cytokines. Caffeine ingestion could modify this inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to determine th...

Authors: Lluis Rodas, Sonia Martinez, Antoni Aguilo and Pedro Tauler

Supplement with whey protein hydrolysate in contrast to carbohydrate supports mitochondrial adaptations in trained runners

Protein supplementation has been suggested to augment endurance training adaptations by increasing mixed muscle and myofibrillar protein synthesis and lean body mass. However, a potential beneficial effect on ...

Authors: Mette Hansen, Mikkel Oxfeldt, Anne E. Larsen, Lise S. Thomsen, Torben Rokkedal-Lausch, Britt Christensen, Nikolaj Rittig, Frank V. De Paoli, Jens Bangsbo, Niels Ørtenblad and Klavs Madsen

Effects of Bang® Keto Coffee Energy Drink on Metabolism and Exercise Performance in Resistance-Trained Adults: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Crossover Study

Energy drinks are often consumed by the general population, as well as by active individuals seeking to enhance exercise performance and augment training adaptations. However, limited information is available ...

Authors: Patrick S. Harty, Matthew T. Stratton, Guillermo Escalante, Christian Rodriguez, Jacob R. Dellinger, Abegale D. Williams, Sarah J. White, Robert W. Smith, Baylor A. Johnson, Mark B. Sanders and Grant M. Tinsley

The effects of varying doses of caffeine on cardiac parasympathetic reactivation following an acute bout of anaerobic exercise in recreational athletes

To examine the effects of varying doses of caffeine on autonomic reactivation following anaerobic exercise.

Authors: Amir Sarshin, Alireza Naderi, Carlos Janssen Gomes da Cruz, Foad Feizolahi, Scott C. Forbes, Darren G. Candow, Ebrahim Mohammadgholian, Mehrdad Amiri, Naghmeh Jafari, Alireza Rahimi, Eidi Alijani and Conrad P. Earnest

Serum and urinary concentrations of arsenic, beryllium, cadmium and lead after an aerobic training period of six months in aerobic athletes and sedentary people

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible effect of a period of 6 months of aerobic physical training on serum and urinary concentrations of arsenic (As), beryllium (Be), cadmium (Cd) and lead ...

Authors: Diego Muñoz, Francisco J. Grijota, Ignacio Bartolomé, Jesús Siquier-Coll, Víctor Toro-Román and Marcos Maynar

Effect of D-ribose supplementation on delayed onset muscle soreness induced by plyometric exercise in college students

Previous investigations suggest that appropriate nutritional interventions may reduce delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). This study examined the effect of D-ribose supplementation on DOMS induced by plyomet...

Authors: Wei Cao, Junqiang Qiu, Tianwei Cai, Longyan Yi, Dan Benardot and Menghui Zou

Avenanthramide supplementation reduces eccentric exercise-induced inflammation in young men and women

Avenanthramides (AVA) are a group of di-phenolic acids found only in oats and have shown antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. Eccentric muscle contraction is intimately involved in r...

Authors: Tianou Zhang, Tong Zhao, Yuzi Zhang, Tao Liu, Gilles Gagnon, Jacqueline Ebrahim, Jodee Johnson, Yi-Fang Chu and Li Li Ji

Beta alanine supplementation effects on metabolic contribution and swimming performance

Investigations of β-alanine supplementation shows effects on metabolic (aerobic and anaerobic) participation and performance on swimming by a possible blood acidosis buffering. Considering this background, the...

Authors: Matheus Silva Norberto, Ricardo Augusto Barbieri, Danilo Rodrigues Bertucci, Ronaldo Bucken Gobbi, Eduardo Zapaterra Campos, Alessandrou Moura Zagatto, Ellen Cristini De Freitas and Marcelo Papoti

Acute supplementation with an amino acid mixture suppressed the exercise-induced cortisol response in recreationally active healthy volunteers: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover study

Few studies have demonstrated the suppressive effects of amino acids (AAs) on the level of cortisol during exercise in humans. We hypothesized that an AA mixture containing arginine, which promotes lipid metab...

Authors: Yuichi Tsuda, Rika Murakami, Makoto Yamaguchi and Taiichiro Seki

Use of nutritional supplements by elite Japanese track and field athletes

While scientific evidence supports the efficacy of only limited nutritional supplements (NS) on sports performance, the use of NS is widespread in athletes. Given the serious issues of health damage or uninten...

Authors: Shogo Tabata, Fumihiro Yamasawa, Suguru Torii, Tomohiro Manabe, Hiroshi Kamada, Akira Namba, Jo Kato, Haruka Kaneko, Keitaro Tahara, Yuka Tsukahara and Kazuki Sato

The influence of amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) dietary nitrates on the aerobic capacity of physically active young persons

Recent evidence indicates that elevating plasma nitrites through dietary nitrates (NO₃⁻) supplementation is associated with enhanced muscle efficiency, fatigue resistance and performance. Beetroot (in various for...

Authors: Tomas Liubertas, Ramutis Kairaitis, Loreta Stasiule, Sandrija Capkauskiene, Arvydas Stasiulis, Pranas Viskelis, Jonas Viškelis and Dalia Urbonaviciene

Analysis of food and fluid intake in elite ultra-endurance runners during a 24-h world championship

Properly replacing energy and fluids is a challenge for 24-h ultramarathoners because such unusually high intake may induce adverse effects (gastrointestinal symptoms [GIS] and exercise-associated hyponatremia...

Authors: Chloé Lavoué, Julien Siracusa, Émeric Chalchat, Cyprien Bourrilhon and Keyne Charlot

Erythrocyte concentrations of chromium, copper, manganese, molybdenum, selenium and zinc in subjects with different physical training levels

The aim of the present study was to determine changes occurring in the erythrocyte concentrations of chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) in male subjects wi...

Authors: M. Maynar, F. J. Grijota, J. Siquier-Coll, I. Bartolome, M. C. Robles and D. Muñoz

Correction to: Influence of physical training on erythrocyte concentrations of iron, phosphorus and magnesium

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Authors: Marcos Maynar Mariño, Francisco Javier Grijota, Ignacio Bartolomé, Jesús Siquier-Coll, Victor Toro Román and Diego Muñoz

A review of the ketogenic diet for endurance athletes: performance enhancer or placebo effect?

The ketogenic diet has become popular among endurance athletes as a performance enhancer. This paper systematically reviews the evidence regarding the effect of the endurance athlete’s ketogenic diet (EAKD) on...

Authors: Caitlin P. Bailey and Erin Hennessy

Dietary restrictions in endurance runners to mitigate exercise-induced gastrointestinal symptoms

Endurance runners frequently experience exercise-induced gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, negatively impacting their performance. Food choices pre-exercise have a significant impact on the gut’s tolerance to ru...

Authors: Jill A. Parnell, Kim Wagner-Jones, Robyn F. Madden and Kelly Anne Erdman

Caffeine supplementation is ergogenic in soccer players independent of cardiorespiratory or neuromuscular fitness levels

Equivocal findings examining the influence of caffeine on performance and biological responses to exercise may be due to inter-individual variability in cardiorespiratory or neuromuscular fitness. This study e...

Authors: Andreas Apostolidis, Vassilis Mougios, Ilias Smilios, Maria Frangous and Marios Hadjicharalambous

Multi-ingredient pre-workout supplementation changes energy system contribution and improves performance during high-intensity intermittent exercise in physically active individuals: a double-blind and placebo controlled study

Nutritional ergogenic aids are commonly used to boost physiological adaptations to exercise and promote greater fitness gains. However, there is a paucity of data about multi-ingredient pre-workout supplementa...

Authors: Caique Figueiredo, Fábio Santos Lira, Fabricio Eduardo Rossi, François Billaut, Rodrigo Loschi and Camila S. Padilha

Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) Conference and Expo

Authors:

Influence of daily beer or ethanol consumption on physical fitness in response to a high-intensity interval training program. The BEER-HIIT study

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an effective approach to improve physical fitness, but consuming beer, which is a regular practice in many physically active individuals, may interfere with these eff...

Authors: Cristina Molina-Hidalgo, Alejandro De-la-O, Manuel Dote-Montero, Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete and Manuel J. Castillo

The addition of β-Hydroxy β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) to creatine monohydrate supplementation does not improve anthropometric and performance maintenance across a collegiate rugby season

Muscular damage sustained while playing rugby may hinder performance across a season. β-Hydroxy β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) may help attenuate muscle damage and maintain lean mass and performance. This study sought...

Authors: Gerald T. Mangine, Trisha A. VanDusseldorp, Garrett M. Hester, Jennifer M. Julian and Yuri Feito

Higher doses of a green tea-based supplement increase post-exercise blood flow following an acute resistance exercise bout in recreationally resistance-trained college-aged men

There are animal data suggesting green tea can enhance blood flow. However, human data are lacking. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of low and high doses of a green tea-based s...

Authors: Carlton D. Fox, Christian T. Garner, Petey W. Mumford, Darren T. Beck and Michael D. Roberts

The addition of an amylopectin/chromium complex to branched-chain amino acids enhances muscle protein synthesis in rat skeletal muscle

A previous clinical study reported that the addition of an amylopectin/chromium complex (ACr; Velositol®) to 6 g of whey protein (WP) significantly enhanced muscle protein synthesis (MPS). Branched-chain amino...

Authors: James R. Komorowski, Sara Perez Ojalvo, Sarah Sylla, Hakki Tastan, Cemal Orhan, Mehmet Tuzcu, Nurhan Sahin and Kazim Sahin

The effect of New Zealand blackcurrant on sport performance and related biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Blackcurrants have come to be regarded as a superfood because of their high polyphenol content, namely anthocyanins. While many berry types have been studied, blackcurrant-anthocyanins may be the superior berr...

Authors: A. J. Braakhuis, V. X. Somerville and R. D. Hurst

The athletic gut microbiota

The microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract play a significant role in nutrient uptake, vitamin synthesis, energy harvest, inflammatory modulation, and host immune response, collectively contributing to h...

Authors: Alex E. Mohr, Ralf Jäger, Katie C. Carpenter, Chad M. Kerksick, Martin Purpura, Jeremy R. Townsend, Nicholas P. West, Katherine Black, Michael Gleeson, David B. Pyne, Shawn D. Wells, Shawn M. Arent, Richard B. Kreider, Bill I. Campbell, Laurent Bannock, Jonathan Scheiman…

Effects of daily ingestion of sodium bicarbonate on acid-base status and anaerobic performance during an altitude sojourn at high altitude: a randomized controlled trial

The present study investigated the effects of chronic sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) ingestion on a single bout of high-intensity exercise and on acid-base balance during 7-day high-altitude exposure.

Authors: Mirjam Limmer, Markus de Marées and Petra Platen

CYP1A2 genotype and acute effects of caffeine on resistance exercise, jumping, and sprinting performance

It has been suggested that polymorphisms within CYP1A2 impact inter-individual variation in the response to caffeine. The purpose of this study was to explore the acute effects of caffeine on resistance exerci...

Authors: Jozo Grgic, Craig Pickering, David J. Bishop, Brad J. Schoenfeld, Pavle Mikulic and Zeljko Pedisic

Effects of post exercise protein supplementation on markers of bone turnover in adolescent swimmers

This study examined the effects of whey protein supplementation, compared with an isocaloric carbohydrate beverage and water, consumed immediately following an intense swimming trial on bone turnover in adoles...

Authors: Alexandros Theocharidis, Brandon J. McKinlay, Dimitris Vlachopoulos, Andrea R. Josse, Bareket Falk and Panagiota Klentrou

Effects of a ketogenic diet on body composition and strength in trained women

The effect of ketogenic diets (KD) on body composition in different populations has been investigated. More recently, some have recommended that athletes adhere to ketogenic diets in order to optimize changes ...

Authors: Salvador Vargas-Molina, Jorge L. Petro, Ramón Romance, Richard B. Kreider, Brad J. Schoenfeld, Diego A. Bonilla and Javier Benítez-Porres

The effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum total 25(OH) levels and biochemical markers of skeletal muscles in runners

The beneficial adaptation of skeletal muscle function to strenuous exercise is partially attributable to the improvement of vitamin D status. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 3-week vitamin...

Authors: Aleksandra Żebrowska, Ewa Sadowska-Krępa, Arkadiusz Stanula, Zbigniew Waśkiewicz, Olga Łakomy, Eduard Bezuglov, Pantelis T. Nikolaidis, Thomas Rosemann and Beat Knechtle

Effects of skim milk and isotonic drink consumption before exercise on fluid homeostasis and time-trial performance in cyclists: a randomized cross-over study

Hydration status affects endurance performance. Pre-exercise hydration recommendations target the consumption of high carbohydrate and sodium beverages. Milk, due to its carbohydrate and sodium content, may be...

Authors: Danniela García-Berger, Karen Mackay, Matias Monsalves-Alvarez, Carlos Jorquera, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Hermann Zbinden-Foncea and Mauricio Castro-Sepulveda

Combined protein and calcium β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate induced gains in leg fat free mass: a double-blinded, placebo-controlled study

The leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is widely used as an ergogenic supplement to increase resistance-training induced gains in fat free mass (FFM) and strength in healthy adults. Recent stu...

Authors: Alexander C. Stahn, Martina Anna Maggioni, Hanns-Christian Gunga and Elmarie Terblanche

Effects of natural polyphenol-rich pomegranate juice on the acute and delayed response of Homocysteine and steroidal hormones following weightlifting exercises: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Maximal strength-speed exercise is a powerful stimulus to acutely increase concentrations of circulating steroid hormones and homocysteine [Hcy]. There is some evidence that antioxidant beverages rich in polyp...

Authors: Achraf Ammar, MounaTurki, Khaled Trabelsi, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Omar Boukhris, Mohamed Bouaziz, Fatma Ayadi, Kais El Abed, Tarak Driss, Nizar Souissi, Hamdi Chtourou, Stephen J. Bailey and Anita Hoekelmann

The risk of low energy availability in Chinese elite and recreational female aesthetic sports athletes

Low energy availability (LEA) is a medical condition observed in athletes, with a higher prevalence in aesthetic sports. For the first time, this study evaluated the relative prevalence of LEA in female elite ...

Authors: Kun Meng, Junqiang Qiu, Dan Benardot, Amelia Carr, Longyan Yi, Jieting Wang and Yiheng Liang

Acute effects of Nitrosigine® and citrulline malate on vasodilation in young adults

Athletes are increasingly exploring ways to enhance their physical performance. Increasing blood flow to the working tissues through endothelium-dependent vasodilation is one factor athletes use to realize the...

Authors: Jeffrey M. Rogers, Joshua Gills and Michelle Gray

Prevalence of dietary supplement use by gym members in Portugal and associated factors

Although there seems to be an increasing interest in the use of dietary supplements in those who exercise recreationally and want to improve body composition, there is little published data regarding gym users...

Authors: João Ruano and Vitor Hugo Teixeira

The acute effects of thermogenic fitness drink formulas containing 140 mg and 100 mg of caffeine on energy expenditure and fat metabolism at rest and during exercise

Thermogenic fitness drink formulas (TFD) have been shown to increase energy expenditure and markers of lipid metabolism. The purpose of the current study was to compare TFD formulas containing different caffei...

Authors: Nicolas W. Clark, Adam J. Wells, Nicholas A. Coker, Erica R. Goldstein, Chad H. Herring, Tristan M. Starling-Smith, Alyssa N. Varanoske, Valeria L. G. Panissa, Jeffrey R. Stout and David H. Fukuda

Anabolic response to essential amino acid plus whey protein composition is greater than whey protein alone in young healthy adults

We have determined the acute response of protein kinetics to one or two servings (6.3 g and 12.6 g) of a proprietary composition containing free-form essential amino acids (EAA) (3.2 g EAA per serving) and whe...

Authors: Sanghee Park, David D. Church, Gohar Azhar, Scott E. Schutzler, Arny A. Ferrando and Robert R. Wolfe

Influence of physical training on erythrocyte concentrations of iron, phosphorus and magnesium

The present study aimed to determine changes occurring in the erythrocyte concentrations of Iron (Fe), Magnesium (Mg) and Phosphorous (P) of subjects with different levels of physical training living in the sa...

Authors: Marcos Maynar Mariño, Francisco Javier Grijota, Ignacio Bartolomé, Jesús Siquier-Coll, Victor Toro Román and Diego Muñoz