MANOVA revealed an overall Wilks' Lamda time effect (p < 0.001) with no significant time by diet (p = 0.51), time × gene type (0.84), or time × diet × gene type (0.81) effects observed. Univariate analysis revealed that the exercise and diet interventions promoted significant reductions in weight (-5.36 ± 5.0 kg, p < 0.001), fat mass (-4.53 ± 3.6 kg, p < 0.001), and body fat (-2.88 ± 2.7 %, p < 0.001) with a trend toward a reduction in fat free mass (-0.65 ± 2.3 kg, p < 0.071). When baseline body weight and DXA body composition variables were used as covariates, Wilks' Lambda time × diet (p = 0.098) tended to differ, a time × gene type interaction was observed (p = 0.011), while no differences were seen in time × diet × gene type (p = 0.18). Univariate analyses revealed some trends in time × diet changes in weight (H -2.03 ± 1.7, -3.13 ± 2.6, -4.17 ± 3.3, -4.62 ± 4.0, -4.75 ± 4.6, -4.41 ± 5.1; L -2.47 ± 1.8, -3.66 ± 2.4, -4.56 ± 3.1, -5.49 ± 3.9, -5.89 ± 4.5, -6.17 ± 4.8 kg, pq = 0.02), fat mass (H -1.53 ± 1.4, -2.67 ± 2.3, -3.63 ± 2.5, -3.73 ± 2.8, -4.14 ± 3.6, -3.95 ± 3.6; L -1.31 ± 1.6, -2.66 ± 2.2, -3.22 ± 2.5, -4.32 ± 2.9, -4.60 ± 3.0, -5.03 ± 3.7 kg, pq = 0.10), FFM (H -0.49 ± 1.2, -0.58 ± 1.5, -0.52 ± 1.8, -0.68 ± 2.4, -0.51 ± 2.2, -0.31 ± 2.3; L -0.95 ± 1.5, -0.73 ± 1.9, -1.20 ± 1.9, -0.86 ± 2.0, -1.03 ± 2.6, -0.94 ± 2.4 kg, p = 0.14), or body fat (H -0.50 ± 1.9, -1.51 ± 1.8, -2.32 ± 2.2, -2.22 ± 2.0, -2.68 ± 2.5, -2.65 ± 2.3; L -0.46 ± 1.5, -1.55 ± 2.1, -1.67 ± 2.4, -2.56 ± 2.5, -2.78 ± 2.7, -3.08 ± 3.0 %, pq = 0.13) generally in favor of the more carbohydrate restricted diet. Some trends were also seen in time × gene type changes in weight (T -2.06 ± 1.8, -2.91 ± 2.6, -3.99 ± 3.3, -4.83 ± 4.0, -5.07 ± 4.6, -5.15 ± 5.1; F -2.54 ± 1.7, -4.05 ± 2.2, -4.88 ± 2.9, -5.43 ± 3.8, -5.73 ± 4.6, -5.62 ± 5.0 kg, p = 0.20), fat mass (T -1.39 ± 1.6, -2.42 ± 2.2, -3.15 ± 2.4, -3.74 ± 2.8, -4.27 ± 3.3, -4.18 ± 3.3; F -1.45 ± 1.3, -2.98 ± 2.1, -3.74 ± 2.6, -4.45 ± 2.9, -4.54 ± 3.3, -4.98 ± 4.0 kg, pq = 0.19), FFM (T -0.50 ± 1.6, -0.40 ± 1.5, -0.78 ± 1.8, -0.78 ± 2.0, -0.60 ± 1.9, -0.81 ± 2.3; F -1.04 ± 1.1, -0.99 ± 2.0, -1.02 ± 1.9, -0.76 ± 2.4, -1.04 ± 3.0, -0.45 ± 2.3 kg, p = 0.01), and body fat (T -0.76 ± 1.6, -1.58 ± 2.0, -1.98 ± 2.3, -2.26 ± 2.1, -2.84 ± 2.2, -2.70 ± 2.4; F -0.12 ± 1.8, -1.47 ± 2.0, -1.96 ± 2.3, -2.60 ± 2.5, -2.60 ± 3.1, -3.12 ± 3.0 %, pq = 0.05) with those in the false match group observing generally greater changes.