Articles

Prevalence of supplement use in recreationally active Kazakhstan university students

Little is known about the supplements use and recreational sport practices in Kazakhstan university students. Therefore, the aim of this study was to ascertain supplements use prevalence and their predictors i...

Authors: Denis Vinnikov, Zhanna Romanova, Anar Dushpanova, Karashash Absatarova and Zhazira Utepbergenova

Prediction equation for estimating total daily energy requirements of special operations personnel

Special Operations Forces (SOF) engage in a variety of military tasks with many producing high energy expenditures, leading to undesired energy deficits and loss of body mass. Therefore, the ability to accurat...

Authors: N. D. Barringer, S. M. Pasiakos, H. L. McClung, A. P. Crombie and L. M. Margolis

Herbal medicine for sports: a review

The use of herbal medicinal products and supplements has increased during last decades. At present, some herbs are used to enhance muscle strength and body mass. Emergent evidence suggests that the health benefit...

Authors: Maha Sellami, Olfa Slimeni, Andrzej Pokrywka, Goran Kuvačić, Lawrence D Hayes, Mirjana Milic and Johnny Padulo

Effects of a high-fat diet on superoxide anion generation and membrane fluidity in liver mitochondria in rats

Obesity is a primary factor of lifestyle-related diseases, and the age of its onset has decreased. The reactive oxygen species (ROS), the superoxide anion, is generated in the mitochondrial electron transport ...

Authors: M Togo, N Konari, M Tsukamoto, R Kimoto, T Yamaguchi, H Takeda and I Kambayashi

Calorie restriction regime enhances physical performance of trained athletes

Caloric restriction induces mitochondrial biogenesis and improves physical fitness in rodents. We aimed to provide evidence of how caloric restriction affects the body composition and physical performance of t...

Authors: Victoria Pons, Joan Riera, Xavier Capó, Miquel Martorell, Antoni Sureda, Josep A. Tur, Franchek Drobnic and Antoni Pons

Effects of caffeine intake on muscle strength and power: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Caffeine is commonly used as an ergogenic aid. Literature about the effects of caffeine ingestion on muscle strength and power is equivocal. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize...

Authors: Jozo Grgic, Eric T. Trexler, Bruno Lazinica and Zeljko Pedisic

How much protein can the body use in a single meal for muscle-building? Implications for daily protein distribution

Controversy exists about the maximum amount of protein that can be utilized for lean tissue-building purposes in a single meal for those involved in regimented resistance training. It has been proposed that mu...

Authors: Brad Jon Schoenfeld and Alan Albert Aragon

An attempt to induce an immunomodulatory effect in rowers with spirulina extract

The aim of this study was to analyze the response of selected components of the immune system in rowers to maximal physical exercise, and to verify if this response can be modulated by supplementation with spi...

Authors: Artur Juszkiewicz, Piotr Basta, Elżbieta Petriczko, Bogusław Machaliński, Jerzy Trzeciak, Karolina Łuczkowska and Anna Skarpańska-Stejnborn

Seric concentrations of copper, chromium, manganesum, nickel and selenium in aerobic, anaerobic and mixed professional sportsmen

The aim of the present study was to determine changes in serum concentrations of trace elements Cooper (Cu), Chromiun (Cr), Manganesum (Mn), Nickel (Ni) and Selenium (Se) in high-level sportsmen.

Authors: Marcos Maynar, Francisco Llerena, Ignacio Bartolomé, Javier Alves, María-Concepción Robles, Francisco-Javier Grijota and Diego Muñoz

Influence of acute consumption of caffeine vs. placebo over Bia-derived measurements of body composition: a randomized, double-blind, crossover design

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is often used to estimate total body water (TBW), intracellular body water (ICW), extracellular body water (ECW), and body fat percentage (BF%). A common restriction for ...

Authors: Cassie M. Williamson, Brett S. Nickerson, Emily E. Bechke, Cherilyn N. McLester and Brian M. Kliszczewicz

High protein consumption in trained women: bad to the bone?

It has been posited that the consumption of extra protein (> 0.8 g/kg/d) may be deleterious to bone mineral content. However, there is no direct evidence to show that consuming a high-protein diet results in a...

Authors: Jose Antonio, Anya Ellerbroek, Cassandra Evans, Tobin Silver and Corey A. Peacock

Effects of lemon verbena extract (Recoverben®) supplementation on muscle strength and recovery after exhaustive exercise: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Exhaustive exercise causes muscle damage accompanied by oxidative stress and inflammation leading to muscle fatigue and muscle soreness. Lemon verbena leaves, commonly used as tea and refreshing beverage, demo...

Authors: Sybille Buchwald-Werner, Ioanna Naka, Manfred Wilhelm, Elivra Schütz, Christiane Schoen and Claudia Reule

Nutritional strategies of high level natural bodybuilders during competition preparation

Competitive bodybuilders employ a combination of resistance training, cardiovascular exercise, calorie reduction, supplementation regimes and peaking strategies in order to lose fat mass and maintain fat free ...

Authors: A. J. Chappell, T. Simper and M. E. Barker

Understanding the factors that effect maximal fat oxidation

Lipids as a fuel source for energy supply during submaximal exercise originate from subcutaneous adipose tissue derived fatty acids (FA), intramuscular triacylglycerides (IMTG), cholesterol and dietary fat. Th...

Authors: Troy Purdom, Len Kravitz, Karol Dokladny and Christine Mermier

Effects of beetroot juice supplementation on intermittent high-intensity exercise efforts

Beetroot juice contains high levels of inorganic nitrate (NO₃⁻) and its intake has proved effective at increasing blood nitric oxide (NO) concentrations. Given the effects of NO in promoting vasodilation and bloo...

Authors: Raúl Domínguez, José Luis Maté-Muñoz, Eduardo Cuenca, Pablo García-Fernández, Fernando Mata-Ordoñez, María Carmen Lozano-Estevan, Pablo Veiga-Herreros, Sandro Fernandes da Silva and Manuel Vicente Garnacho-Castaño

The acute effects of a multi-ingredient pre-workout supplement on resting energy expenditure and exercise performance in recreationally active females

The use of dietary supplements to improve performance is becoming increasingly popular among athletes and fitness enthusiasts. Unfortunately, there is a tremendous lack of research being done regarding female ...

Authors: Michael Cameron, Clayton L. Camic, Scott Doberstein, Jacob L. Erickson and Andrew R. Jagim

The influence of D-ribose ingestion and fitness level on performance and recovery

Skeletal muscle adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels are severely depleted during and following prolonged high intensity exercise. Recovery from these lower ATP levels can take days, which can affect performanc...

Authors: John G. Seifert, Allison Brumet and John A. St Cyr

Effects of two pre-workout supplements on concentric and eccentric force production during lower body resistance exercise in males and females: a counterbalanced, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Pre-workout supplements purportedly enhance feelings of energy, reduce fatigue and improve exercise performance. The purpose of this study was to examine the performance effects of caffeinated and non-caffeina...

Authors: Grant M. Tinsley, Matthew A. Hamm, Amy K. Hurtado, Austin G. Cross, Jose G. Pineda, Austin Y. Martin, Victor A. Uribe and Ty B. Palmer

Mouth rinsing with a carbohydrate solution attenuates exercise-induced decline in executive function

A decline in executive function could have a negative influence on the control of actions in dynamic situations, such as sports activities. Mouth rinsing with a carbohydrate solution could serve as an effectiv...

Authors: Kana Konishi, Tetsuya Kimura, Atsushi Yuhaku, Toshiyuki Kurihara, Masahiro Fujimoto, Takafumi Hamaoka and Kiyoshi Sanada

The short-term effect of high versus moderate protein intake on recovery after strength training in resistance-trained individuals

Dietary protein intakes up to 2.9 g.kg⁻¹.d⁻¹ and protein consumption before and after resistance training may enhance recovery, resulting in hypertrophy and strength gains. However, it remains unclear whether pro...

Authors: Justin Roberts, Anastasia Zinchenko, Craig Suckling, Lee Smith, James Johnstone and Menno Henselmans

Native whey protein with high levels of leucine results in similar post-exercise muscular anabolic responses as regular whey protein: a randomized controlled trial

Protein intake is essential to maximally stimulate muscle protein synthesis, and the amino acid leucine seems to possess a superior effect on muscle protein synthesis compared to other amino acids. Native whey...

Authors: Håvard Hamarsland, Anne Lene Nordengen, Sigve Nyvik Aas, Kristin Holte, Ina Garthe, Gøran Paulsen, Matthew Cotter, Elisabet Børsheim, Haakon B. Benestad and Truls Raastad

Enhanced aerobic exercise performance in women by a combination of three mineral Chelates plus two conditionally essential nutrients

Certain essential and conditionally essential nutrients (CENs) perform functions involved in aerobic exercise performance. However, increased intake of such nutrient combinations has not actually been shown to...

Authors: Robert A. DiSilvestro, Staci Hart, Trisha Marshall, Elizabeth Joseph, Alyssa Reau, Carmen B. Swain and Jason Diehl

Nutritional supplement practices of professional Ugandan athletes: a cross-sectional study

The use of nutritional supplements (NS) places athletes at great risk for inadvertent doping. Due to the paucity of data on supplement use, this study aimed to determine the proportion of Ugandan athletes usin...

Authors: Haruna Muwonge, Robert Zavuga, Peninnah Aligawesa Kabenge and Timothy Makubuya

Normative data on regional sweat-sodium concentrations of professional male team-sport athletes

The purpose of this paper was to report normative data on regional sweat-sodium concentrations of various professional male team-sport athletes, and to compare sweat-sodium concentrations among sports. Data to...

Authors: Mayur K. Ranchordas, Nicholas B. Tiller, Girish Ramchandani, Raj Jutley, Andrew Blow, Jonny Tye and Ben Drury

Evaluation of the effects of two doses of alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine on physical and psychomotor performance

Recent studies have suggested that alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine (A-GPC) may be an effective ergogenic aid. The present study was designed to assess the efficacy of two doses of A-GPC in comparison to placeb...

Authors: Lena Marcus, Jason Soileau, Lawrence W. Judge and David Bellar

Effects of a pre-workout supplement on hyperemia following leg extension resistance exercise to failure with different resistance loads

We sought to determine if a pre-workout supplement (PWS), containing multiple ingredients thought to enhance blood flow, increases hyperemia associated with resistance training compared to placebo (PBO). Given...

Authors: Jeffrey S. Martin, Petey W. Mumford, Cody T. Haun, Micheal J. Luera, Tyler W. D. Muddle, Ryan J. Colquhoun, Mary P. Feeney, Cameron S. Mackey, Paul A. Roberson, Kaelin C. Young, David D. Pascoe, Jason M. DeFreitas, Nathaniel D. M. Jenkins and Michael D. Roberts

Identifying and assessing views among physically-active adult gym members in Israel on dietary supplements

Sports dietary supplements are available for sale in public places including sports clubs. Although there is uncertainty regarding their safety, many gym members who regularly work out consume them. The presen...

Authors: Inbal Druker and Anat Gesser-Edelsburg

Vegan diets: practical advice for athletes and exercisers

With the growth of social media as a platform to share information, veganism is becoming more visible, and could be becoming more accepted in sports and in the health and fitness industry. However, to date, th...

Authors: David Rogerson

Practical nutritional recovery strategies for elite soccer players when limited time separates repeated matches

Specific guidelines that aim to facilitate the recovery of soccer players from the demands of training and a congested fixture schedule are lacking; especially in relation to evidence-based nutritional recomme...

Authors: Mayur Krachna Ranchordas, Joel T. Dawson and Mark Russell

The effects of phenylalanine on exercise-induced fat oxidation: a preliminary, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial

When combined with exercise, dietary amino acid (AA) supplementation is an effective method for accelerating fat mobilization. However, the effects of single AAs combined with exercise on fat oxidation remains...

Authors: Keisuke Ueda, Chiaki Sanbongi, Makoto Yamaguchi, Shuji Ikegami, Takafumi Hamaoka and Satoshi Fujita

Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) Conference and Expo

Authors:

Enzymatically modified isoquercitrin supplementation intensifies plantaris muscle fiber hypertrophy in functionally overloaded mice

Enzymatically modified isoquercitrin (EMIQ) is produced from rutin using enzymatic hydrolysis followed by treatment with glycosyltransferase in the presence of dextrin to add glucose residues. EMIQ is absorbed...

Authors: Akiko Kohara, Masanao Machida, Yuko Setoguchi, Ryouichi Ito, Masanori Sugitani, Hiroko Maruki-Uchida, Hiroyuki Inagaki, Tatsuhiko Ito, Naomi Omi and Tohru Takemasa

International society of sports nutrition position stand: nutrient timing

The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) provides an objective and critical review regarding the timing of macronutrients in reference to healthy, exercising adults and in particular highly trained...

Authors: Chad M. Kerksick, Shawn Arent, Brad J. Schoenfeld, Jeffrey R. Stout, Bill Campbell, Colin D. Wilborn, Lem Taylor, Doug Kalman, Abbie E. Smith-Ryan, Richard B. Kreider, Darryn Willoughby, Paul J. Arciero, Trisha A. VanDusseldorp, Michael J. Ormsbee, Robert Wildman, Mike Greenwood…

Branched-chain amino acids and muscle protein synthesis in humans: myth or reality?

The branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) are leucine, valine and isoleucine. A multi-million dollar industry of nutritional supplements has grown around the concept that dietary supplements of BCAAs alone produc...

Authors: Robert R. Wolfe

Availability of a sports dietitian may lead to improved performance and recovery of NCAA division I baseball athletes

The purpose was to survey dietary habits (DH) and nutrient timing (NT) practices of baseball student-athletes (mean ± SD; 20.7 ± 1.4 yr.) from three NCAA Division I institutions, and examine the effect of a sport...

Authors: Michael V. Hull, Jonathan Neddo, Andrew R. Jagim, Jonathan M. Oliver, Mike Greenwood and Margaret T. Jones

Acute cocoa Flavanols intake has minimal effects on exercise-induced oxidative stress and nitric oxide production in healthy cyclists: a randomized controlled trial

Cocoa flavanols (CF) can stimulate vasodilation by improved nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities. This study aimed to examine whether acute CF intake can affect exe...

Authors: Lieselot Decroix, Cajsa Tonoli, Danusa Dias Soares, Amandine Descat, Marie-José Drittij-Reijnders, Antje R. Weseler, Aalt Bast, Wilhelm Stahl, Elsa Heyman and Romain Meeusen

Salivary diagnostic markers in males and females during rest and exercise

Saliva is a useful diagnostic tool for analysis in sports, exercise and nutrition research, as collection is easy and non-invasive and it contains a large number of analytes affected by a range of physiologica...

Authors: Kay Rutherfurd-Markwick, Carlene Starck, Deborah K. Dulson and Ajmol Ali

The nutrition for sport knowledge questionnaire (NSKQ): development and validation using classical test theory and Rasch analysis

Appropriate dietary intake can have a significant influence on athletic performance. There is a growing consensus on sports nutrition and professionals working with athletes often provide dietary education. Ho...

Authors: Gina Louise Trakman, Adrienne Forsyth, Russell Hoye and Regina Belski

Individual fluid plans versus ad libitum on hydration status in minor professional ice hockey players

Despite exercising in cool environments, ice hockey players exhibit several dehydration risk factors. Individualized fluid plans (IFPs) are designed to mitigate dehydration by matching an individual’s sweat lo...

Authors: Dawn M. Emerson, Toni M. Torres-McGehee, Charles C. Emerson and Teri L. LaSalle

Effects of Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) on exercise-induced oxidative stress, muscle damage, and pain following a half-marathon: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Oxidative stress and muscle damage occur during exhaustive bouts of exercise, and many runners report pain and soreness as major influences on changes or breaks in training regimens, creating a barrier to trai...

Authors: Eric D. Withee, Kimberly M. Tippens, Regina Dehen, Deanne Tibbitts, Douglas Hanes and Heather Zwickey

Effect of eicosapentaenoic acids-rich fish oil supplementation on motor nerve function after eccentric contractions

This study investigated the effect of supplementation with fish oil rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the M-wave latency of biceps brachii and muscle damage after a single s...

Authors: Eisuke Ochi, Yosuke Tsuchiya and Kenichi Yanagimoto

Ketogenic diet benefits body composition and well-being but not performance in a pilot case study of New Zealand endurance athletes

Low-carbohydrate, high-fat and ketogenic diets are increasingly adopted by athletes for body composition and sports performance enhancements. However, as yet, there is no consensus on their efficacy in improvi...

Authors: Caryn Zinn, Matthew Wood, Mikki Williden, Simon Chatterton and Ed Maunder

Effects of a combined protein and antioxidant supplement on recovery of muscle function and soreness following eccentric exercise

An acute bout of eccentric contractions (ECC) cause muscle fiber damage, inflammation, impaired muscle function (MF) and muscle soreness (MS). Individually, protein (PRO) and antioxidant (AO) supplementation m...

Authors: Stephen J. Ives, Samuel Bloom, Alexs Matias, Noelle Morrow, Natalya Martins, Yookee Roh, Daniel Ebenstein, Gabriel O’Brien, Daniela Escudero, Kevin Brito, Leah Glickman, Scott Connelly and Paul J. Arciero

International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: protein and exercise

The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) provides an objective and critical review related to the intake of protein for healthy, exercising individuals. Based on the current available literature, t...

Authors: Ralf Jäger, Chad M. Kerksick, Bill I. Campbell, Paul J. Cribb, Shawn D. Wells, Tim M. Skwiat, Martin Purpura, Tim N. Ziegenfuss, Arny A. Ferrando, Shawn M. Arent, Abbie E. Smith-Ryan, Jeffrey R. Stout, Paul J. Arciero, Michael J. Ormsbee, Lem W. Taylor, Colin D. Wilborn…

International society of sports nutrition position stand: diets and body composition

Position Statement: The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) bases the following position stand on a critical analysis of the literature regarding the effects of diet types (macronutrient compositi...

Authors: Alan A. Aragon, Brad J. Schoenfeld, Robert Wildman, Susan Kleiner, Trisha VanDusseldorp, Lem Taylor, Conrad P. Earnest, Paul J. Arciero, Colin Wilborn, Douglas S. Kalman, Jeffrey R. Stout, Darryn S. Willoughby, Bill Campbell, Shawn M. Arent, Laurent Bannock, Abbie E. Smith-Ryan…

International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: safety and efficacy of creatine supplementation in exercise, sport, and medicine

Creatine is one of the most popular nutritional ergogenic aids for athletes. Studies have consistently shown that creatine supplementation increases intramuscular creatine concentrations which may help explain...

Authors: Richard B. Kreider, Douglas S. Kalman, Jose Antonio, Tim N. Ziegenfuss, Robert Wildman, Rick Collins, Darren G. Candow, Susan M. Kleiner, Anthony L. Almada and Hector L. Lopez

Serum concentration of several trace metals and physical training

The aim of this study was to observe the concentrations of trace metals boron, lithium, rubidium, antimony, tin and strontium in the serum of athletes from different modalities and sedentary subjects and the p...

Authors: Marcos Maynar, Francisco Llerena, Francisco J. Grijota, Javier Alves, María C. Robles, Ignacio Bartolomé and Diego Muñoz

Minimal dose of milk protein concentrate to enhance the anabolic signalling response to a single bout of resistance exercise; a randomised controlled trial

Resistance training is a potent stimulus to induce muscle hypertrophy. Supplemental protein intake is known to enhance gains in muscle mass through activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mT...

Authors: Cameron J. Mitchell, Nina Zeng, Randall F. D’Souza, Sarah M. Mitchell, Kirsten Aasen, Aaron C. Fanning, Sally D. Poppitt and David Cameron-Smith

Evaluation of anti-fatigue property of the extruded product of cereal grains mixed with Cordyceps militaris on mice

Fatigue is a biological phenomenon that involves a feeling of extreme physical or mental tiredness that could potentially cause some severe chronic diseases. Recently, diet therapy has provided a new alternati...

Authors: Lei Zhong, Liyan Zhao, Fangmei Yang, Wenjian Yang, Yong Sun and Qiuhui Hu

The effect of acute pomegranate extract supplementation on oxygen uptake in highly-trained cyclists during high-intensity exercise in a high altitude environment

Recent research has indicated that pomegranate extract (POMx) may improve performance during aerobic exercise by enhancing the matching of vascular oxygen (O₂) provision to muscular requirements. POMx is rich in ...

Authors: Emma May Crum, Ahmad Munir Che Muhamed, Matthew Barnes and Stephen Robert Stannard