Articles

Post-exercise branched chain amino acid supplementation does not affect recovery markers following three consecutive high intensity resistance training bouts compared to carbohydrate supplementation

Amino acid supplementation has been shown to potentially reduced exercise-induced muscle soreness. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine if branched chain amino acid and carbohydrate (BCAACHO) versus ...

Authors: Wesley C. Kephart, Petey W. Mumford, Anna E. McCloskey, A. Maleah Holland, Joshua J. Shake, C. Brooks Mobley, Adam E. Jagodinsky, Wendi H. Weimar, Gretchen D. Oliver, Kaelin C. Young, Jordan R. Moon and Michael D. Roberts

The effect of acute pre-workout supplementation on power and strength performance

Consumption of pre-workout dietary supplements by both recreational and competitive athletes has increased dramatically in recent years. The purpose of this study was to determine the acute effects of a caffei...

Authors: Nic Martinez, Bill Campbell, Madison Franek, Laura Buchanan and Ryan Colquhoun

Branched-chain amino acids, arginine, citrulline alleviate central fatigue after 3 simulated matches in taekwondo athletes: a randomized controlled trial

The decline in cognitive performance has been shown after fatiguing exercise. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) have been suggested to alleviate exercise-induced central fatigue. Arginine and citrulline could ...

Authors: I-Fan Chen, Huey-June Wu, Chung-Yu Chen, Kuei-Ming Chou and Chen-Kang Chang

A systematic review and meta-analysis of carbohydrate benefits associated with randomized controlled competition-based performance trials

Carbohydrate supplements are widely used by athletes as an ergogenic aid before and during sports events. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at synthesizing all available data from randomize...

Authors: Martin Pöchmüller, Lukas Schwingshackl, Paolo C. Colombani and Georg Hoffmann

Effects of thirty and sixty minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on postprandial lipemia and inflammation in overweight men: a randomized cross-over study

The transient rise in blood lipids following a high-fat meal (HFM), known as postprandial lipemia, is linked to systemic inflammation and cardiovascular disease, but can be blunted by exercise. However, minima...

Authors: Sam R. Emerson, Stephanie P. Kurti, Brian S. Snyder, Karthikeyan Sitaraman, Mark D. Haub and Sara K. Rosenkranz

Twelve weeks supplementation with an extended-release caffeine and ATP-enhancing supplement may improve body composition without affecting hematology in resistance-trained men

Increased ATP levels may enhance training-induced muscle accretion and fat loss, and caffeine is a known ergogenic aid. A novel supplement containing ancient peat and apple extracts has reported enhanced mitoc...

Authors: Jordan M. Joy, Roxanne M. Vogel, Jordan R. Moon, Paul H. Falcone, Matt M. Mosman and Michael P. Kim

The effects of phosphatidic acid supplementation on strength, body composition, muscular endurance, power, agility, and vertical jump in resistance trained men

Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a lipid messenger that has been shown to increase muscle protein synthesis via signaling stimulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). MaxxTOR® (MT) is a supplement that co...

Authors: Guillermo Escalante, Michelle Alencar, Bryan Haddock and Phillip Harvey

Diving response after a one-week diet and overnight fasting

We hypothesized that overnight fasting after a short dietary period, especially with carbohydrates, could allow performing breath-hold diving with no restraint for diaphragm excursion and blood shift and witho...

Authors: Giovanna Ghiani, Elisabetta Marongiu, Sergio Olla, Marco Pinna, Matteo Pusceddu, Girolamo Palazzolo, Irene Sanna, Silvana Roberto, Antonio Crisafulli and Filippo Tocco

Effects of powdered Montmorency tart cherry supplementation on acute endurance exercise performance in aerobically trained individuals

The purpose of this study was to determine whether short-term supplementation of a powdered tart cherry supplement prior to and following stressful endurance exercise would affect markers of muscle damage, inf...

Authors: Kyle Levers, Ryan Dalton, Elfego Galvan, Abigail O’Connor, Chelsea Goodenough, Sunday Simbo, Susanne U. Mertens-Talcott, Christopher Rasmussen, Mike Greenwood, Steven Riechman, Stephen Crouse and Richard B. Kreider

The data do not seem to support a benefit to BCAA supplementation during periods of caloric restriction

J Int Soc Sports Nutr 13:1-015-0112-9, 2016 describe the efficacy of branched chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation and resistance training for maintaining lean body mass during a calorie-restricted diet, an...

Authors: Brad P. Dieter, Brad Jon Schoenfeld and Alan A. Aragon

Acute Garcinia mangostana (mangosteen) supplementation does not alleviate physical fatigue during exercise: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial

The purple mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), known as the "queen of fruit," is widely consumed and unique not only because of its outstanding appearance and flavor but also its remarkable and diverse pharmacologi...

Authors: Chih-Wei Chang, Tzu-Zung Huang, Wen-Hsin Chang, Yi-Chun Tseng, Yu-Tse Wu and Mei-Chich Hsu

Carbohydrate mouth rinsing has no effect on power output during cycling in a glycogen-reduced state

The effect of mouth rinsing with a carbohydrate (CHO) solution on exercise performance is inconclusive with no benefits observed in the fed state. This study examined the effect of CHO mouth rinse or CHO inges...

Authors: Ajmol Ali, Michelle Ji Yeon Yoo, Catherine Moss and Bernhard H. Breier

Ramadan fasting does not adversely affect neuromuscular performances and reaction times in trained karate athletes

The present study aimed to investigate the concomitant effects of Ramadan intermittent fast (RIF) and muscle fatigue on neuromuscular performances and reaction times in young trained athletes.

Authors: Nidhal Zarrouk, Omar Hammouda, Imed Latiri, Hela Adala, Ezzedine Bouhlel, Haithem Rebai and Mohamed Dogui

The impact of post-exercise hydration with deep-ocean mineral water on rehydration and exercise performance

Dehydration caused by prolonged exercise impairs thermoregulation, endurance and exercise performance. Evidence from animal and human studies validates the potential of desalinated deep-ocean mineral water to ...

Authors: Douglas A. Keen, Eleni Constantopoulos and John P. Konhilas

Effects of dietary Docosahexaenoic, training and acute exercise on lipid mediators

Eicosanoids mediate initiation and resolution of inflammation. Our aim was evaluating the effects of training, exercise and docosahexaenoic (DHA) supplementation on plasma eicosanoids levels and peripheral blo...

Authors: X. Capó, M. Martorell, A. Sureda, J. A. Tur and A. Pons

Critical evaluation of food intake and energy balance in young modern pentathlon athletes: a cross-sectional study

Modern pentathlon comprises five sports: fencing, swimming, equestrian jumping, and a combined event of pistol shooting and running. Despite the expected high energy demand of this sport, there are few studies...

Authors: Leticia Azen Alves Coutinho, Cristiana Pedrosa Melo Porto and Anna Paola Trindade Rocha Pierucci

The effects of a fat loss supplement on resting metabolic rate and hemodynamic variables in resistance trained males: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial

While it is known that dietary supplements containing a combination of thermogenic ingredients can increase resting metabolic rate (RMR), the magnitude can vary based on the active ingredient and/or combinatio...

Authors: Bill I. Campbell, Ryan J. Colquhoun, Gina Zito, Nic Martinez, Kristina Kendall, Laura Buchanan, Matt Lehn, Mallory Johnson, Courtney St. Louis, Yasmin Smith and Brad Cloer

The effects of a single-dose thermogenic supplement on resting metabolic rate and hemodynamic variables in healthy females - a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial

Recent investigations have identified that commercially available dietary supplements, containing a combination of thermogenic ingredients, can increase resting metabolic rate (RMR). Thermogenic dietary supple...

Authors: Bill I. Campbell, Gina Zito, Ryan Colquhoun, Nic Martinez, Kristina Kendall, Laura Buchanan, Matt Lehn, Mallory Johnson, Courtney St. Louis, Yasmin Smith, Brad Cloer and Allison Pingel

Acute and chronic safety and efficacy of dose dependent creatine nitrate supplementation and exercise performance

Creatine monohydrate (CrM) and nitrate are popular supplements for improving exercise performance; yet have not been investigated in combination. We performed two studies to determine the safety and exercise p...

Authors: Elfego Galvan, Dillon K. Walker, Sunday Y. Simbo, Ryan Dalton, Kyle Levers, Abigail O’Connor, Chelsea Goodenough, Nicholas D. Barringer, Mike Greenwood, Christopher Rasmussen, Stephen B. Smith, Steven E. Riechman, James D. Fluckey, Peter S. Murano, Conrad P. Earnest and Richard B. Kreider

The acute effects of multi-ingredient pre-workout ingestion on strength performance, lower body power, and anaerobic capacity

Multi-ingredient pre-workout supplements (MIPS) are popular among resistance trained individuals. Previous research has indicated that acute MIPS ingestion may increase muscular endurance when using a hypertro...

Authors: Andrew R. Jagim, Margaret T. Jones, Glenn A. Wright, Carly St. Antoine, Attila Kovacs and Jonathan M. Oliver

Muscle contraction velocity, strength and power output changes following different degrees of hypohydration in competitive olympic combat sports

It is habitual for combat sports athletes to lose weight rapidly to get into a lower weight class. Fluid restriction, dehydration by sweating (sauna or exercise) and the use of diuretics are among the most rec...

Authors: J. G. Pallarés, A. Martínez-Abellán, J. M. López-Gullón, R. Morán-Navarro, E. De la Cruz-Sánchez and R. Mora-Rodríguez

Protein intake during training sessions has no effect on performance and recovery during a strenuous training camp for elite cyclists

Training camps for top-class endurance athletes place high physiological demands on the body. Focus on optimizing recovery between training sessions is necessary to minimize the risk of injuries and improve ad...

Authors: Mette Hansen, Jens Bangsbo, Jørgen Jensen, Matilde Krause-Jensen, Bo Martin Bibby, Ove Sollie, Ulrika Andersson Hall and Klavs Madsen

Regulation of mTORC1 by growth factors, energy status, amino acids and mechanical stimuli at a glance

The mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of skeletal muscle protein synthesis. Activation of the complex leads to phosphorylation of two important...

Authors: Peter Bond

Effects of combined β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) and whey protein ingestion on symptoms of eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of combined β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) and whey protein ingestion on muscle strength and damage following a single bout of eccentric exercise.

Authors: Minayuki Shirato, Yosuke Tsuchiya, Teruyuki Sato, Saki Hamano, Takeshi Gushiken, Naoto Kimura and Eisuke Ochi

Oral L-citrulline supplementation enhances cycling time trial performance in healthy trained men: Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled 2-way crossover study

Many human studies report that nitric oxide (NO) improves sport performance. This is because NO is a potential modulator of blood flow, muscle energy metabolism, and mitochondrial respiration during exercise. ...

Authors: Takashi Suzuki, Masahiko Morita, Yoshinori Kobayashi and Ayako Kamimura

Acknowledgement of manuscript reviewers 2015

The editors of Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition would like to thank all our reviewers who have contributed to the journal from Volume 12 (2015).

Authors: Jose Antonio, Douglas Kalman and Richard Kreider

Reliability and day-to-day variability of peak fat oxidation during treadmill ergometry

Exercising at intensities where fat oxidation rates are high has been shown to induce metabolic benefits in recreational and health-oriented sportsmen. The exercise intensity (Fat_peak) eliciting peak fat oxidatio...

Authors: Raul De Souza Silveira, Anja Carlsohn, Georg Langen, Frank Mayer and Friederike Scharhag-Rosenberger

The effects of a high protein diet on indices of health and body composition – a crossover trial in resistance-trained men

Eight weeks of a high protein diet (>3 g/kg/day) coupled with a periodized heavy resistance training program has been shown to positively affect body composition with no deleterious effects on health. Using a ...

Authors: Jose Antonio, Anya Ellerbroek, Tobin Silver, Leonel Vargas and Corey Peacock

Safety of TeaCrine®, a non-habituating, naturally-occurring purine alkaloid over eight weeks of continuous use

Theacrine (1,3,7,9-tetramethyluric acid) is a purine alkaloid found in certain coffee (Coffea) species, fruits (Cupuacu [Theobroma grandiflorum]), and tea (Camellia assamica, var. kucha) that has anti-inflamma...

Authors: Lem Taylor, Petey Mumford, Mike Roberts, Sara Hayward, Jacy Mullins, Stacie Urbina and Colin Wilborn

In a single-blind, matched group design: branched-chain amino acid supplementation and resistance training maintains lean body mass during a caloric restricted diet

Athletes and active adults many times have the goal of improving/maintaining fitness while losing weight and this is best achieved by caloric restriction in combination with exercise. However, this poses a ris...

Authors: Wesley David Dudgeon, Elizabeth Page Kelley and Timothy Paul Scheett

A nutrition and conditioning intervention for natural bodybuilding contest preparation: observations and suggestions

Bodybuilding is full of myths and practices that are contrary to the scientific literature, which can lead to health problems. Adopting a scientifically designed approach is very important, as it may help body...

Authors: Paulo Gentil

Evaluation of congruence among dietary supplement use and motivation for supplementation in young, Canadian athletes

Dietary supplement use is endemic in young athletes; however, it is unclear if their choices are congruent with their motivation for supplementation and the established benefits of the dietary supplements. The...

Authors: Jill A. Parnell, Kristin Wiens and Kelly Anne Erdman

The effects of whey protein with or without carbohydrates on resistance training adaptations

Nutrition intake in the context of a resistance training (RT) bout may affect body composition and muscle strength. However, the individual and combined effects of whey protein and carbohydrates on long-term r...

Authors: Juha J. Hulmi, Mia Laakso, Antti A. Mero, Keijo Häkkinen, Juha P. Ahtiainen and Heikki Peltonen

Dark chocolate supplementation reduces the oxygen cost of moderate intensity cycling

Dark chocolate (DC) is abundant in flavanols which have been reported to increase the bioavailability and bioactivity of nitric oxide (NO). Increasing NO bioavailability has often demonstrated reduced oxygen c...

Authors: Rishikesh Kankesh Patel, James Brouner and Owen Spendiff

Nutritional behaviour and beliefs of ski-mountaineers: a semi-quantitative and qualitative study

Endurance athletes are advised to optimize nutrition prior to races. Little is known about actual athletes’ beliefs, knowledge and nutritional behaviour. We monitored nutritional behaviour of amateur ski-mount...

Authors: Caroline Praz, Mélanie Granges, Céline Burtin and Bengt Kayser

Short-term creatine supplementation has no impact on upper-body anaerobic power in trained wrestlers

Creatine (CR) is considered an effective nutritional supplement having ergogenic effects, which appears more pronounced in upper-body compared to lower-body exercise. Nevertheless, results regarding the impact...

Authors: Martin Aedma, Saima Timpmann, Evelin Lätt and Vahur Ööpik

Acute effectiveness of a “fat-loss” product on substrate utilization, perception of hunger, mood state and rate of perceived exertion at rest and during exercise

Achieving fat-loss outcomes by ingesting multi-ingredient mixtures may be further enhanced during exercise. This study tested the acute thermogenic effectiveness of a commercially available multi-ingredient pr...

Authors: Ahmad Alkhatib, Marcos Seijo, Eneko Larumbe and Fernando Naclerio

Examining the effect of Withania somnifera supplementation on muscle strength and recovery: a randomized controlled trial

Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) is a prominent herb in Ayurveda. This study was conducted to examine the possible effects of ashwagandha root extract consumption on muscle mass and st...

Authors: Sachin Wankhede, Deepak Langade, Kedar Joshi, Shymal R. Sinha and Sauvik Bhattacharyya

The effect of 6 days of alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine on isometric strength

Ergogenic aides are widely used by fitness enthusiasts and athletes to increase performance. Alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine (A-GPC) has demonstrated some initial promise in changing explosive performance. The...

Authors: David Bellar, Nina R. LeBlanc and Brian Campbell

Effects of powdered Montmorency tart cherry supplementation on an acute bout of intense lower body strength exercise in resistance trained males

The purpose of this study was to examine whether short-term ingestion of a powdered tart cherry supplement prior to and following intense resistance-exercise attenuates muscle soreness and recovery strength lo...

Authors: Kyle Levers, Ryan Dalton, Elfego Galvan, Chelsea Goodenough, Abigail O’Connor, Sunday Simbo, Nicholas Barringer, Susanne U. Mertens-Talcott, Christopher Rasmussen, Mike Greenwood, Steven Riechman, Stephen Crouse and Richard B. Kreider

Safety of Teacrine^®, a Non-Habituating, Naturally-Occurring Purine Alkaloid Over Eight Weeks of Continuous Use

Authors: Sara Hayward, Jacy Mullins, Stacie Urbina, Emily Santos, Katelyn Villa, Nicole Viana, Shelbey Perkins, Jennifer Ander, Alyssa Olivencia, Shannon McGorty, Colin Wilborn and Lem Taylor

Effects of zeolite supplementation on parameters of intestinal barrier integrity, inflammation, redoxbiology and performance in aerobically trained subjects

Zeolites are crystalline compounds with microporous structures of Si-tetrahedrons. In the gut, these silicates could act as adsorbents, ion-exchangers, catalysts, detergents or anti-diarrheic agents. This stud...

Authors: Manfred Lamprecht, Simon Bogner, Kurt Steinbauer, Burkhard Schuetz, Joachim F. Greilberger, Bettina Leber, Bernhard Wagner, Erwin Zinser, Thomas Petek, Sandra Wallner-Liebmann, Tanja Oberwinkler, Norbert Bachl and Gert Schippinger

A high protein diet (3.4 g/kg/d) combined with a heavy resistance training program improves body composition in healthy trained men and women – a follow-up investigation

The consumption of a high protein diet (>4 g/kg/d) in trained men and women who did not alter their exercise program has been previously shown to have no significant effect on body composition. Thus, the purpo...

Authors: Jose Antonio, Anya Ellerbroek, Tobin Silver, Steve Orris, Max Scheiner, Adriana Gonzalez and Corey A Peacock

Iron and the female athlete: a review of dietary treatment methods for improving iron status and exercise performance

Iron is a functional component of oxygen transport and energy production in humans and therefore is a critically important micronutrient for sport and exercise performance. Athletes, particularly female athlet...

Authors: Ieva Alaunyte, Valentina Stojceska and Andrew Plunkett

The effect of an acute ingestion of Turkish coffee on reaction time and time trial performance

The purpose of this study was to examine the ergogenic benefits of Turkish coffee consumed an hour before exercise. In addition, metabolic, cardiovascular, and subjective measures of energy, focus and alertnes...

Authors: David D. Church, Jay R. Hoffman, Michael B. LaMonica, Joshua J. Riffe, Mattan W. Hoffman, Kayla M. Baker, Alyssa N. Varanoske, Adam J. Wells, David H. Fukuda and Jeffrey R. Stout

The effects of a sports nutrition education intervention on nutritional status, sport nutrition knowledge, body composition, and performance in NCAA Division I baseball players

Authors: Jason M Cholewa, Andrew Landreth, Stacy Beam, Taylor Jones and Christopher J MacDonald

Effectiveness of multi-ingredient supplement on substrate utilisation, perception of hunger, mood state and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) at rest and during exercise

Authors: Marcos Seijo, Eneko Larumbe, Ahmad Alkhatib and Fernando Naclerio

Intermittent fasting combined with resistance training: effects on body composition, muscular performance, and dietary intake

Authors: Grant M Tinsley, Natalie K Butler, Jeffrey S Forsse, Annie A Bane, Grant B Morgan, Paul S Hwang, Peter W Grandjean and Paul M La Bounty

The effects of beef protein isolate and whey protein isolate supplementation on lean mass and strength in resistance trained individuals - a double blind, placebo controlled study

Authors: Matthew Sharp, Kevin Shields, Ryan Lowery, Jason Lane, Jeremy Partl, Chase Holmer, Julie Minevich, Eduardo De Souza and Jacob Wilson

Effects of a traditionally-dosed creatine supplementation protocol and resistance training on the skeletal muscle uptake and whole-body metabolism and retention of creatine in males

Authors: Joshua J Gann, Sarah K McKinley-Barnard, Thomas L Andre, Ryan D Schoch and Darryn S Willoughby