Serum levels of bone formation and resorption markers in relation to vitamin D status in professional gymnastics and physically active men during upper and lower body high-intensity exercise

Table 2 Resting values of select biochemical markers in elite gymnast (EG) and physically active man (PAM)

Variable	Unit	EG (n = 16)		PAM (n = 16)		Effect size (η²)
Variable	Unit	Mean ± SD	(95% CI)	Mean ± SD	(95% CI)	Effect size (η²)
25(OH)D₃	ng/ml	20.85 ± 3.93	(18.57–23.12)	23.17 ± 3.76	(21.23–25.10)	0.08
24,25(OH)₂D₃	ng/ml	1.38 ± 0.66	(1.00–1.77)	1.67 ± 0.84	(1.24–2.11)	0.03
25(OH)D₃ / 24,25(OH)₂D₃	ng/ml	16.79 ± 4.41	(14.24–19.34)	15.40 ± 3.65	(13.52–17.27)	0.04
Procalcitonin	ng/ml	0.44 ± 0.17	(0.34–0.54)	0.27 ± 0.15*	(0.19–0.34)	0.23
C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen	μg/l	0.52 ± 0.23	(0.37–0.63)	0.36 ± 0.28	(0.21–0.51)	0.07
N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen	μg/l	118.50 ± 43.15	(92.16–144.83)	140.05 ± 41.45	(117.05–163.04)	0.07

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