Fig. 2

Maturation markers on DCs were measured before and after the intervention period. Comparison of (a) CD86 on pDC, (b) HLA-DR on pDC, (c) CD86 on mDC, (d) HLA-DR on mDC between placebo and LC-Plasma groups. The solid line shows the placebo group and the broken line shows the LC-Plasma group. Values are means ± SD. *: Significantly difference between groups (p < 0.016). Effect size was calculated by Cohen’s D as 0.72. †: Significantly difference within Placebo group (p < 0.016). Effect size was calculated by Cohen’s D as − 0.68