Fig. 1

Basal indirect calorimetry. a Average RER, (b) total VO₂, (c) total CHO, and (d) total FAT of mice at rest during a 24h light-dark cycle. Values are presented as means ± SEM (n = 8). Significant differences among groups of different diets were determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Newman-Keuls post-hoc test. Dissimilar alphabets indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). Significant differences between groups of the same diet having different training states were determined by Student’s t-test (*, p < 0.05)