Table 3 Dietary supplement consumption in studied groups
From: Dietary supplementation and doping-related factors in high-level sailing
| Â | A | O | NO | C1 | C2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
f(%) | f(%) | f(%) | f(%) | f(%) | |
Vitamins and minerals | |||||
No | 22(50.0) | 13(41.9) | 9(69.2) | 14(48.3) | 7(46.7) |
Rarely | 4(9.1) | 1(3.2) | 3(23.1) | 2(6.9) | 2(13.3) |
Occasionally | 12(27.3) | 11(35.5) | 1(7.7) | 9(31.0) | 3(20.0) |
Often | 6(13.6) | 6(19.4) | 0(0.0) | 3(10.3) | 3(20.0) |
Specific vitamins | |||||
C vitamin (rarely) | 10(22.7) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
C vitamin (occasionally) | 3(6.8) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
C vitamin (often) | 7(15.9) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
E vitamin (occasionally) | 2(4.5) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Specific minerals | |||||
Magnesium (rarely and occasionally) | 20(45.5) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Iron (occasionally and often) | 6(13.6) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Calcium (rarely and occasionally) | 6(13.6) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Carbohydrates | |||||
No | 29(65.9) | 20(64.5) | 9(69.2) | 18(62.1) | 11(73.3) |
Rarely (sporadically) | 7(15.9) | 4(12.9) | (0.0) | 3(10.3) | 4(26.7) |
Occasionally | 4(9.1) | 4(12.9) | 3(23.1) | 4(13.8) | 0(0.0) |
Often | 4(9.1) | 3(9.7) | 1(7.7) | 4(13.8) | 0(0.0) |
Proteins/Amino acids | |||||
No | 26(59.1) | 17(54.8) | 9(69.2) | 16(55.2) | 10(66.7) |
Rarely (sporadically) | 3(6.8) | 1(3.2) | 2(15.4) | 2(6.9) | 1(6.7) |
Occasionally | 12(27.3) | 10(32.3) | 2(15.4) | 8(27.6) | 4(26.7) |
Often | 3(6.8) | 3(9.7) | 0(0.0) | 3(10.3) | 0(0.0) |
Isotonic drinks | |||||
No | 25(56.8) | 15(48.4) | 10(76.9) | 16(55.2) | 9(60.0) |
Rarely (sporadically) | 4(9.1) | 2(6.5) | 2(15.4) | 4(13.8) | 0(0.0) |
Occasionally | 12(27.3) | 11(35.5) | 1(7.7) | 7(24.1) | 5(33.3) |
Often | 3(6.8) | 3(9.7) | 0(0.0) | 2(6.9) | 1(6.7) |
Combined recovery supplements | |||||
No | 25(56.8) | 15(48.4) | 10(76.9) | 20(69.0) | 5(33.3) |
Rarely (sporadically) | 10(22.7) | 8(25.8) | 0(0.0) | 3(10.3) | 7(46.7) |
Occasionally | 8(18.2) | 8(25.8) | 2(15.4) | 5(17.2) | 3(20.0) |
Often | 1(2.3) | 0(0.0) | 1(7.7) | 1(3.4) | 0(0.0) |
Energy bars | |||||
No | 19(43.2) | 12(38.7) | 7(53.8) | 15(51.7) | 4(26.7) |
Rarely (sporadically) | 8(18.2) | 6(19.4) | 2(15.4) | 4(13.8) | 4(26.7) |
Occasionally | 17(38.6) | 13(41.9) | 4(30.8) | 10(34.5) | 7(46.7) |
Often | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | (0.0) |
Something else* | |||||
Echinacea | 4(9.1) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Propolis | 2(4.5) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Spirulina | 3(6.8) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
L carnitine | 1(2.3) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Other | 3(6.8) | Â | Â | Â | Â |