Effects of diet type and supplementation of glucosamine, chondroitin, and MSM on body composition, functional status, and markers of health in women with knee osteoarthritis initiating a resistance-based exercise and weight loss program

Table 6 Functional balance testing results observed over time

Variable	0	Weeks 10	14	Group	p-level Time	G × T
*Sit to Stand Function*
Weight Transfer (sec)	0.377 ± 0.18	0.355 ± 0.17	0.370 ± 0.22	0.80	0.91	0.89
Rising Index (% body weight)	16.6 ± 4.3	18.6 ± 5.7	18.2 ± 5.6	0.97	0.13	0.34
Sway Velocity (deg/sec)	4.63 ± 1.3	4.56 ± 1.1	4.62 ± 1.2	0.78	0.78	0.12
*Step Up and Over Knee Function*
Lift-up Index - RL (% body weight)	41.2 ± 9.2	43.6 ± 9.7	44.5 ± 8.6†	0.90	0.01	0.71
Lift-up Index - LL (% body weight)	34.7 ± 8.5	37.4 ± 8.1	38.9 ± 7.2†	0.70	0.002	0.50
Impact Index - RL (% body weight)	48.7 ± 11.2	48.4 ± 12.1	48.3 ± 10.9	0.91	0.70	0.77
Impact Index - LL (% body weight)	52.1 ± 10.6	52.4 ± 13.5	54.5 ± 14.1	0.84	0.22	0.47
Movement Time - RL (sec)	1.73 ± 0.3	1.55 ± 0.2†	1.47 ± 0.2†	0.83	0.001	0.07
Movement Time - LL (sec)	1.76 ± 0.3	1.60 ± 0.5†	1.49 ± 0.3†	0.98	0.002	0.68
*Forward Lunge Knee Function*
Distance - RL (% body height)	43.2 ± 7	45.6 ± 7†	46.3 ± 7†	0.14	0.001	0.75
Distance - LL (% body height)	42.5 ± 5	45.7 ± 7†	46.2 ± 7†	0.24	0.001	0.49
Impact Index - RL (% body weight)	18.5 ± 5	19.0 ± 7	18.6 ± 5	0.65	0.76	0.77
Impact Index - LL (% body weight)	14.0 ± 5	16.4 ± 7	15.7 ± 5	0.86	0.15	0.97
Contact Time - RL (sec)	1.664 ± 0.5	1.344 ± 0.3†	1.359 ± 0.4†	0.57	0.001	0.81
Contact Time - LL (sec)	1.641 ± 0.7	1.347 ± 0.4†	1.310 ± 0.4†	0.64	0.002	0.98
Force Impulse - RL (% body weight/sec)	168 ± 53	139 ± 36†	141 ± 38†	0.61	0.001	0. 59
Force Impulse - LL (% body weight/sec)	162 ± 65	136 ± 33†	132 ± 37†	0.62	0.002	0. 99

Data are means ± standard deviations for time main effects. RL = right leg, LL = left leg, G = group, T = time. † Indicates p < 0.05 difference from baseline.

ISSN: 1550-2783