Skip to main content
  • Poster presentation
  • Open access
  • Published:

The effect of meal composition on postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 response in overweight/obese participants

Background

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone secreted in the intestine in response to food intake. GLP-1 may be responsible for nearly 50% of insulin secretion. Postprandial GLP-1 secretion may be impaired in overweight/obese (OW/O) individuals and in patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D). Meals high in protein (HP) or high in monounsaturated fat (HMF) may increase GLP-1 response. However, there are no studies directly comparing HP with HMF meals on postprandial GLP-1 response.

Methods

Twenty-four OW/O participants (male/female: 12/12; age: 38.7 ± 15.3 (mean ± standard deviation) years; BMI: 31.6 ± 4.0kg/m2) were studied. Participants consumed a HMF and a HP meal in a random order at least 4 days apart. The HMF meal contained 35.2% energy from fat and 20.7% from monounsaturated fat and the HP meal contained 31.9% energy from protein. Energy and carbohydrate content were similar across meals. Blood samples were collected in the fasting and postprandial (30, 60, 120, and 180 min) states and analyzed for GLP-1 (active and total), insulin, glucagon, C-peptide, and glucose. A mixed effects repeated measures analysis model was used to examine the effect of meal composition on the outcome variables.

Results

There were statistically significant (p < 0.01) time and time by meal composition interaction effects on active GLP-1 (see figure). Also found were statistically significant (p < 0.01) time, meal composition, and time by meal composition interaction effects on total GLP-1, insulin, C-peptide, and glucagon. The responses were higher on the HP compared to the HMF meal (p < 0.05) for active and total GLP-1 and C-peptide at 120 and 180 min, insulin at 60, 120, and 180 min, and glucagon at 30, 60, 120, and 180 min. There was a significant time (p < 0.0001) but not meal composition (p = 0.14) or time by meal composition interaction (p = 0.83) effect on blood glucose.

Conclusions

Postprandial GLP-1, insulin, C-peptide, and glucagon responses were higher on the HP compared to the HMF meal but there was no difference in blood glucose response by meal composition. Future studies comparing meal composition on GLP-1 need to be longer in duration and in participants with T2D.

figure 1

Figure 1

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Meena Shah.

Rights and permissions

Open Access  This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.

The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.

To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Franklin, B., Adams-Huet, B., Phillips, M. et al. The effect of meal composition on postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 response in overweight/obese participants. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 12 (Suppl 1), P12 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-12-S1-P12

Download citation

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-12-S1-P12