Table 3 Characteristics of the three cases (EAH-A-R2, EAH-B-R3, EAH-C-R4) with exercise-associated hyponatremia (n = 3)
| Â | EAH-A-R2 | EAH-B-R3 | EAH-C-R4 |
|---|---|---|---|
Type of race | 24-h MTB race | 24-h RUN race | Multi-stage MTB race |
Age (years) | 39 | 38 | 42 |
Body height (m) | 196 | 168 | 177 |
BMI (kg/m 2 ) | 23.4 | 18.8 | 23.6 |
Pre-race body mass (kg) | 90.0 | 54.6 | 73.9 |
Post-race body mass (kg) | 88.2 | 53.2 | 71.7 |
Δ body mass (kg) | –1.8 | –1.4 | –2.2 |
Δ body mass (%) | –2.0 | –2.6 | –3.0 |
Pre-race plasma sodium (mmol/l) | 138.0 | 137.0 | 142.0 |
Post-race plasma sodium (mmol/l) | 129.0 | 133.0 | 134.0 |
Δ haematocrit (%) | –7.6 | –9.4 | 3.8 |
Δ plasma potassium (mmol/l) | 32.6 | –29.2 | 3.6 |
Δ plasma osmolality (mosmol/kg H 2 O) | –0.7 | –1.1 | 1.7 |
Pre-race urine specific gravity (g/ml) | 1.015 | 1.010 | 1.007 |
Post-race urine specific gravity (g/ml) | 1.025 | 1.025 | 1.028 |
Δ urine osmolality (mosmol/kg H 2 O) | 338:9 | 163.5 | 228.0 |
Δ urine potassium (mmol/l) | 323.2 | 90.5 | 1282.0 |
Δ urine sodium (mmol/l) | 108.3 | 25.9 | –71.4 |
Δ K/Na in urine (%) | 103.1 | 51.2 | 4737.0 |
Δ Transtubular potassium gradient (%) | 1262.5 | 611.4 | 4340.0 |
Years as active cyclist or runner | 5 | 15 | 5 |
Number of finished ultra-marathons | 4 | 30 | 2 |
Total training hours weekly, h | 12 | 13 | 10 |
Training cycle or run hours weekly, h | 10 | 30 | 10 |
Training intensity, b/min | 140 | 130 | 140 |