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Table 4 Male sample characteristics (N = 814)

From: Edema-like symptoms are common in ultra-distance cyclists and driven by overdrinking, use of analgesics and female sex – a study of 919 athletes

Symptom

N

% of total sample

Mean (SD) day of onset

Mean (SD) severity [1–6 point scale]

Swelling symptoms (overall)

416

51.1%

3.21 (1.57)

2.33 (1.15)

Facial swelling

135

16.6%

3.26 (1.61)

2.15 (1.53)

Eyelid swelling

138

16.9%

3.24 (1.69)

2.15 (1.51)

Swelling of toes/feet

304

37.3%

3.05 (1.57)

2.58 (1.44)

Swelling of fingers/hands

224

27.5%

3.21 (1.62)

2.46 (1.48)

Swelling of extremities (arms/legs)

160

19.7%

3.59 (1.83)

2.32 (1.58)

Urine related symptoms (overall)

451

55.4%

2.23 (1.47)

1.05 (0.99)

Reduced urine output

336

41.2%

2.01 (1.40)

2.47 (1.47)

Increased urine output

89

10.9%

2.50 (1.81)

1.71 (1.18)

Concentrated/darker urine

333

40.9%

2.19 (1.47)

2.59 (1.55)

Less concentrated/lighter urine

74

9.1%

2.64 (1.94)

1.43 (0.89)

Bubbly or foamy urine

47

5.8%

2.95 (1.87)

2.05 (1.65)

  1. Abbreviations: SD standard deviation