Prevalence, factors associated with use, and adverse effects of sport-related nutritional supplements (sport drinks, sport bars, sport gels): the US military dietary supplement use study

Table 4 Prevalence of adverse effects reported by users of sport-related nutritional supplements

	Adverse Effect	Sport Drinks (n = 8,607)	Sport Bars (n = 7,167)	Sport Gels (n = 895)	Sport Bar &Gel^a (n = 7,342)
Participants Reporting Specific AEs, %±SE (n)	Palpitations	0.1 ± 0.0 (7)	0.1 ± 0.0 (7)	0.7 ± 0.3 (6)	0.1 ± 0.0 (11)
	Abdominal Pain	0.1 ± 0.0 (12)	0.4 ± 0.1 (28)	0.8 ± 0.3 (7)	0.5 ± 0.1 (35)
	Nausea, Vomiting	0.1 ± 0.0 (9)	0.1 ± 0.0 (8)	0.1 ± 0.1 (1)	0.1 ± 0.0 (9)
	Diarrhea	0.2 ± 0.0 (21)	0.5 ± 0.1 (36)	0.4 ± 0.2 (4)	0.5 ± 0.1 (39)
	Muscle Cramps, Pain, or Weakness	0.1 ± 0.0 (6)	0.1 ± 0.0 (6)	0.2 ± 0.1 (2)	0.1 ± 0.0 (6)
	Sleep Problems, Insomnia	0.2 ± 0.0 (17)	0.1 ± 0.0 (6)	0.4 ± 0.2 (4)	0.1 ± 0.0 (9)
	Dizzy, Confused, Lightheaded	0.1 ± 0.0 (6)	0.0 ± 0.0 (1)	0.3 ± 0.2 (3)	0.0 ± 0.0 (3)
	Tingling, Numbness	0.1 ± 0.0 (9)	0.0 ± 0.0 (1)	0.3 ± 0.2 (3)	0.1 ± 0.0 (4)
	Seizure, Convulsion, Tremor	0.0 ± 0.0 (3)	0.0 ± 0.0 (1)	0.0 ± 0.0 (0)	0.0 ± 0.0 (1)
	Other	0.5 ± 0.1 (45)	0.6 ± 0.1 (41)	0.8 ± 0.3 (7)	0.7 ± 0.1 (48)
Participants Reporting ≥ 1 AE, %±SE (n)		1.3 ± 0.1 (109)	1.6 ± 0.2 (112)	2.8 ± 0.6 (25)	1.8 ± 0.2 (133)

Abbreviations: SE Standard error, AE Adverse effect
^aService member used either sports bar or sports gel. Included because many military studies combine these supplement types [4,5,6, 12]

ISSN: 1550-2783