First author, ref | Body composition measurement method | Diet prescription method | Diet | Dietary intake | Energy Intake Intent | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kcal/d | CHO % (g/kg) | FAT % (g/kg) | PRO % (g/kg) | |||||
Crossover Study Design | ||||||||
Greene et al. [22], | DXA | Counseling and education materials |
KD CON |
2072 2058 |
8 (0.5) 45 (2.9) |
69 (2.0) 33 (1.0) |
23 (1.5) 22 (1.5) | Balance |
Heatherly et al. [24], L | BIA | Education materials |
KD CON |
1885a 2769a |
6a(0.3) 45a(3.9) |
64a(1.6) 39a(1.5) |
28a (1.6) 16a(1.6) | Balance |
Nazaraweicz et al. [25],L | BIA | Education materials |
KD CON |
NR NR |
13 NR |
74 NR |
13 NR | Deficit |
Prins et al. [23], | BIA | Counseling and education materials |
KD CON |
2947 2837 |
6 (0.6) 56 (5.1) |
69 (3.2) 28 (1.3) |
25 (2.6) 16 (1.7) | Balance |
Parallel Study Design | ||||||||
Dostal et al. [26], | BIA | Counseling and education materials |
KD CON |
1962 1783 |
8 (0.6) 45 (2.7) |
69 (2.2) 34 (0.9) |
23 (1.7) 18 (1.1) | Balance |
Gregory et al. [30], | DXA | Education materials |
KD CON |
1580 1746 |
11a(0.5) 43a(2.3) |
65a(1.3) 38a(1.2) |
23a(1.2) 19a(1.2) | Balance |
Kephart et al. [28], | DXA | Education materials |
KD CON |
1948 NR |
3a(0.2) NR |
79a(2.0) NR |
18a(1.1) NR | Balance |
LaFountain et al. [29], | DXA | Counseling |
KD CON |
NR NR |
NR NR |
NR NR |
NR NR | Balance |
McSwiney et al. [16], | DXA | Counseling and education materials |
KD CON |
3022 2644 |
6a(0.5) 65a(5.6) |
77a(3.0) 20a(0.8) |
17a(1.5) 15a(1.3) | Balance |
Paoli et al. [31], | BIA | Counseling |
KD CON |
3443 3529 |
5 (0.5) 55 (5.5) |
68 (3.0) 20 (0.9) |
27 (2.7) 25 (2.5) | Balance |
Vargas et al. [15], | DXA | Controlled feeding |
KD CON |
NR NR |
10 55 |
70 25 |
20 20 | Excess |
Vargas-Molina et al. [27], | DXA | Counseling |
KD CON |
1710 1980 |
9 (0.7) 57 (4.5) |
64 (2.0) 23 (0.8) |
27 (1.9) 20 (1.6) | Balance |
Wilson et al. [11], | DXA | Counseling |
KD CON |
2609 2550 |
5a(0.4) 50a(4.1) |
75a(2.7) 29a(1.0) |
20a(1.6) 21a(1.7) | Balance |