Body composition changes in physically active individuals consuming ketogenic diets: a systematic review

Coleman, Julie L.; Carrigan, Christopher T.; Margolis, Lee M.

doi:10.1186/s12970-021-00440-6

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

Table 2 Study Description

From: Body composition changes in physically active individuals consuming ketogenic diets: a systematic review

First author, ref	Body composition measurement method	Diet prescription method	Diet	Dietary intake				Energy Intake Intent
First author, ref	Body composition measurement method	Diet prescription method	Diet	Kcal/d	CHO % (g/kg)	FAT % (g/kg)	PRO % (g/kg)	Energy Intake Intent
*Crossover Study Design*
Greene et al. [22],	DXA	Counseling and education materials	KD CON	2072 2058	8 (0.5) 45 (2.9)	69 (2.0) 33 (1.0)	23 (1.5) 22 (1.5)	Balance
Heatherly et al. [24], ^L	BIA	Education materials	KD CON	1885^a 2769^a	6^a(0.3) 45^a(3.9)	64^a(1.6) 39^a(1.5)	28^a (1.6) 16^a(1.6)	Balance
Nazaraweicz et al. [25],^L	BIA	Education materials	KD CON	NR NR	13 NR	74 NR	13 NR	Deficit
Prins et al. [23],	BIA	Counseling and education materials	KD CON	2947 2837	6 (0.6) 56 (5.1)	69 (3.2) 28 (1.3)	25 (2.6) 16 (1.7)	Balance
*Parallel Study Design*
Dostal et al. [26],	BIA	Counseling and education materials	KD CON	1962 1783	8 (0.6) 45 (2.7)	69 (2.2) 34 (0.9)	23 (1.7) 18 (1.1)	Balance
Gregory et al. [30],	DXA	Education materials	KD CON	1580 1746	11^a(0.5) 43^a(2.3)	65^a(1.3) 38^a(1.2)	23^a(1.2) 19^a(1.2)	Balance
Kephart et al. [28],	DXA	Education materials	KD CON	1948 NR	3^a(0.2) NR	79^a(2.0) NR	18^a(1.1) NR	Balance
LaFountain et al. [29],	DXA	Counseling	KD CON	NR NR	NR NR	NR NR	NR NR	Balance
McSwiney et al. [16],	DXA	Counseling and education materials	KD CON	3022 2644	6^a(0.5) 65^a(5.6)	77^a(3.0) 20^a(0.8)	17^a(1.5) 15^a(1.3)	Balance
Paoli et al. [31],	BIA	Counseling	KD CON	3443 3529	5 (0.5) 55 (5.5)	68 (3.0) 20 (0.9)	27 (2.7) 25 (2.5)	Balance
Vargas et al. [15],	DXA	Controlled feeding	KD CON	NR NR	10 55	70 25	20 20	Excess
Vargas-Molina et al. [27],	DXA	Counseling	KD CON	1710 1980	9 (0.7) 57 (4.5)	64 (2.0) 23 (0.8)	27 (1.9) 20 (1.6)	Balance
Wilson et al. [11],	DXA	Counseling	KD CON	2609 2550	5^a(0.4) 50^a(4.1)	75^a(2.7) 29^a(1.0)	20^a(1.6) 21^a(1.7)	Balance

Data are reported as mean
Abbreviations: DXA Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, BIA bio-electrical impedance analysis, NR not reported
^Lindicates longitudinal study design
^aindicates percentages calculated from available data

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ISSN: 1550-2783

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