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Table 2 The heart rate variability in both groups at different stages

From: Nicotine supplementation enhances simulated game performance of archery athletes

Outcomes

Condition

Time

Condition effect

Time effect

Condition x Time

S1

S2

S3

S4

S5

p

ηp2

p

ηp2

p

ηp2

HR (bpm)

      

.028

.474

<.001

.815

.039

.319

 

PLA

82.23 ± 6.50

82.50 ± 6.83

79.75 ± 5.96

95.41 ± 5.33aaa

81.72 ± 6.85

      
 

NIC

79.51 ± 5.15

84.49 ± 6.85a

84.24 ± 8.14

101.70 ± 8.04aaa,##

87.85 ± 9.53a

      

pNN50 (%)

      

.229

.175

<.001

.562

.023

.290

 

PLA

14.16 ± 7.83

13.26 ± 9.94

18.37 ± 10.05

5.56 ± 3.63aa

17.03 ± 9.56

      
 

NIC

18.86 ± 9.94

8.77 ± 5.16aa

13.08 ± 6.40

5.25 ± 2.82 aa

12.21 ± 8.21

      

LF(n.u.)

      

.371

.081

.008

.396

.588

.067

 

PLA

68.30 ± 7.22

69.41 ± 7.55

64.62 ± 8.00

77.39 ± 12.74a

61.63 ± 11.14a

      
 

NIC

65.56 ± 12.90

72.01 ± 8.11a

68.33 ± 9.10

77.52 ± 10.05 aa

65.35 ± 10.56

      

HF(n.u.)

      

.371

.081

.008

.396

.588

.067

 

PLA

31.70 ± 7.22

30.59 ± 7.55

35.38 ± 8.00

22.61 ± 12.74a

38.37 ± 11.14a

      
 

NIC

34.44 ± 12.90

27.99 ± 8.11a

31.67 ± 9.10

22.48 ± 10.05aa

34.65 ± 10.56

      

LF/HF

      

.655

.021

.002

.565

.516

.065

 

PLA

2.44 ± 0.75

2.61 ± 0.81

2.14 ± 0.91

5.28 ± 3.31a

2.02 ± 1.00

      
 

NIC

2.26 ± 0.98

3.15 ± 1.17a

2.70 ± 1.58

4.73 ± 2.04aa

2.33 ± 0.83

      
  1. Values are presented as the mean ± SD
  2. ηp2 Partial eta squared
  3. a p < 0.05, aa p < 0.01, aaa p < 0.001 compared to S1 in each group
  4. ##p < 0.01 compared to the PLA group