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Table 2 Performance outcomes at baseline and after 4 weeks of supplementation, with corresponding p-values

From: The effect of citrus flavonoid extract supplementation on anaerobic capacity in moderately trained athletes: a randomized controlled trial

Variable

Placebo (N = 31)

CFE400 (N = 30)

CFE500 (N = 31)

Estimated difference [95% CI]1

Effect size1

P1

Estimate [95% CI]2

Effect size2

P2

Baseline

4 weeks

Baseline

4 weeks¥

Baseline

4 weeks§

Weight (kg)

71.9 ± 11.5

70.9 ± 11.8

68.7 ± 11.7

67.5 ± 11.7

71.7 ± 9.8

72.6 ± 9.3

−0.01 [− 0.80, − 0.78]

−0.001

0.984

−0.19 [− 0.98, 0.59]

−0.02

0.621

Average Power (W)

547 ± 141

511 ± 140

511 ± 134

526 ± 150

571 ± 149

575 ± 148

38.2 [18.0, 58.3]

0.27

< 0.001

21.2 [0.91, 41.4]

0.15

0.041

5 s Peak Power (W)

726 ± 228

688 ± 216

675 ± 200

711 ± 211

762 ± 214

781 ± 227

53.6 [9.96, 97.2]

0.25

0.017

28.7 [− 15.2, 72.5]

0.13

0.197

Time to peak (s)

1.57 ± 3.0

1.48 ± 1.4

2.37 ± 1.9

1.19 ± 0.8

1.28 ± 1.1

0.98 ± 0.8

−1.08 [−2.21, 0.05]

−0.50

0.060

−0.20 [− 1.32, 0.93]

−0.09

0.730

Heart Rate Maximum (BPM)

171 ± 9

168 ± 11

173 ± 14

175 ± 13

173 ± 10

171 ± 11

3.82 [− 1.08, 8.71]

0.34

0.124

0.06 [−4.75, 4.87]

0.01

0.980

  1. Values are presented as observed mean ± SD. Differences between the intervention groups and placebo group were compared with an unstructured linear mixed model with correction for baseline values. Estimated difference 1: Estimated difference in change scores from baseline between CFE400 and placebo obtained with the mixed model. Estimated difference 2: Estimated difference in change scores from baseline between CFE500 and placebo obtained with the mixed model. CI Confidence interval. Effect size1: effect size CFE400 vs. placebo. Effect size2: effect size CFE500 vs and placebo. P1: P-value between CFE400 and placebo. P2: P-value between CFE500 and placebo. CFE Citrus Flavonoid Extract. † Data from all 31 participants were included in the analysis, 28 participants actually completed the measurements after 4 weeks. ¥ Data from all 30 participants were included in the analysis, 26 participants actually completed the measurements after 4 weeks. § Data from all 31 participants were included in the analysis, 25 participants actually completed the measurements after 4 weeks