Time-restricted eating effects on performance, immune function, and body composition in elite cyclists: a randomized controlled trial

Moro, Tatiana; Tinsley, Grant; Longo, Giovanni; Grigoletto, Davide; Bianco, Antonino; Ferraris, Cinzia; Guglielmetti, Monica; Veneto, Alessandro; Tagliabue, Anna; Marcolin, Giuseppe; Paoli, Antonio

doi:10.1186/s12970-020-00396-z

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

Table 4 Blood biochemestry results

From: Time-restricted eating effects on performance, immune function, and body composition in elite cyclists: a randomized controlled trial

	TRE		ND		2 Way ANOVA Time*Diet	Main time effect	Main diet effect
	Pre	Post	Pre	Post	2 Way ANOVA Time*Diet	Main time effect	Main diet effect
Complete blood count
RBC (10⁶/μL)	4.95 ± 0.38	4.90 ± 0.28	5.11 ± 0.40	5.09 ± 0.44	ns	ns	ns
HGB (g/L)	152.63 ± 11.50	148.13 ± 7.90	153.50 ± 10.53	151.38 ± 11.70	ns	ns	ns
HCT (%)	46.90 ± 2.80	44.41 ± 2.17*	47.01 ± 2.99	45.45 ± 3.24	ns	0.0035	ns
MCV (fL)	93.23 ± 1.98	90.60 ± 2.72*	92.08 ± 3.75	89.46 ± 4.17*	ns	0.0001	ns
MCH (pg)	30.85 ± 0.89	30.23 ± 1.05	30.06 ± 1.27	29.74 ± 0.98	ns	0.0069	ns
MCHC (g/L)	331.15 ± 9.66	334.04 ± 7.59	326.55 ± 6.84	332.89 ± 8.66	ns	ns	ns
RDW (%)	12.79 ± 0.66	12.91 ± 0.62	12.83 ± 0.31	12.65 ± 0.65	ns	ns	ns
Platelet (10³/μL)	231.38 ± 35.90	220.25 ± 45.86	244.25 ± 35.29	232.75 ± 43.75	ns	ns	ns
White blood cells
Eosinophils (%)	3.06 ± 3.34	3.19 ± 3.06	3.63 ± 6.16	2.56 ± 2.09	ns	ns	ns
Basophiles (%)	0.75 ± 0.29	0.74 ± 0.24	0.44 ± 0.24	0.65 ± 0.40	ns	ns	ns
Monocytes (%)	6.83 ± 2.11	6.10 ± 1.47	6.25 ± 0.87	7.40 ± 1.21	0.0241	ns	ns
Chemistry
Glucose (mg/dL)	94.63 ± 5.45	90.25 ± 6.54	91.00 ± 5.15	91.25 ± 6.94	ns	ns	ns
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.86 ± 0.11	0.84 ± 0.10	0.85 ± 0.10	0.81 ± 0.10*	ns	0.0072	ns
Creatine kinase (mg/dL)	309.13 ± 227.94	273.38 ± 202.78	289.63 ± 388.26	231.50 ± 114.35	ns	ns	ns
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	171.00 ± 18.52	181.38 ± 41.59	176.25 ± 17.56	179.38 ± 31.08	ns	ns	ns
TG (mg/dL)	69.75 ± 26.13	54.13 ± 20.23	70.50 ± 54.51	70.38 ± 56.89	ns	ns	ns
Iron (μg/dL)	110.13 ± 63.41	143.25 ± 30.16	97.63 ± 23.30	108.38 ± 37.39	ns	ns	ns
Ferritin (μg/L)	101.25 ± 28.34	101.75 ± 35.23	143.38 ± 57.67	110.63 ± 62.62	ns	ns	ns
Transferrin (mg/dL)	253.38 ± 23.20	243.13 ± 19.62	270.63 ± 29.42	257.63 ± 29.26	ns	ns	ns
CRP (mg/dL)	0.18 ± 0.17	0.08 ± 0.06	0.08 ± 0.06	0.07 ± 0.04	ns	ns	ns
ESR (mm/h)	2.75 ± 1.75	4.13 ± 2.10	2.00 ± 0.00	3.00 ± 1.07	ns	0.0138	ns
Hormones
TSH (mcIU/mL)	2.23 ± 0.99	2.11 ± 1.34	1.79 ± 0.63	1.63 ± 0.46	ns	ns	ns
T3 free (pg/mL)	3.33 ± 0.42	3.13 ± 0.47	3.12 ± 0.40	3.39 ± 0.40	0.0114	ns	ns
Testosterone free (pg/mL)	33.73 ± 7.56	24.33 ± 7.23*	41.51 ± 14.09	38.33 ± 12.60#	ns	0.0045	0.0497
SHBG (nmol/L)	36.09 ± 13.85	32.73 ± 12.85	35.79 ± 10.69	31.98 ± 9.32	ns	0.0356	ns
Cortisol (ug/dL)	16.63 ± 2.79	11.78 ± 1.85*	15.48 ± 4.36	12.04 ± 4.74*	ns	0.0005	ns
Insulin (uIU/mL)	5.25 ± 1.75	3.88 ± 1.96	5.63 ± 1.60	5.50 ± 2.88	ns	ns	ns
IL-6 (pg/mL)	2.59 ± 1.13	2.24 ± 0.42	2.15 ± 0.42	2.73 ± 0.71	ns	ns	ns
Adiponectin (μg/mL)	3.00 ± 1.46	4.00 ± 2.24	4.63 ± 1.94	4.95 ± 2.30	ns	ns	ns
Adiponectin/FM (μg/mL/kg)	0.28 ± 0.14	0.39 ± 0.16*	0.43 ± 0.22	0.43 ± 0.22	ns	0.0488	ns
TNF (pg/mL)	7.26 ± 2.35	7.45 ± 2.99	7.24 ± 1.75	7.39 ± 2.84	ns	ns	ns
IGF-1 (ng/mL)	244.03 ± 90.83	291.60 ± 58.29*	329.60 ± 92.71	330.94 ± 62.71	ns	ns	ns

Results are presented as mean ± SD
TRE time restricted eating, ND normal diet
* Significantly different from pre values (p < 0.05); # significantly different from TRE group (p < 0.05)

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