Effect of 8-week n-3 fatty-acid supplementation on oxidative stress and inflammation in middle- and long-distance running athletes: a pilot study

Table 11 Exercise-induced stress levels: Testosterone and Cortisol

		T0	SD	T1	SD	p value	△ %
TOTAL TESTOSTERONE Plasma (ng/ml)	ATHL	4.8	3.21	4.67	2.84	0.34	1.67	T1vsT0
	SED	2.53	3.59	2.19	2.72	0.26	13.44	T1vsT0
						0.34	47.29	T0
						0.26	53.10	T1
TESTOSTERONE Saliva (pg/ml)	ATHL	151	38	139	49	0.16	7.88	T1vsT0
	SED	108	57	113	41	0.41	4.17	T1vsT0
						0.10	28.56	T0
						0.28	19.07	T1
CORTISOL Plasma (ng/ml)	ATHL	160	53	169	25	0.22	5.83	T1vsT0
	SED	176	35	216	44	0.01	18.43	T1vsT0
						0.46	9.37	T0
						310*⁻³	21.50	T1
CORTISOL Saliva (ng/ml)	ATHL	11.11	5.12	8.54	1.06	0.15	23.13	T1vsT0
	SED	7.57	3.43	12.65	3.53	0.01	40.16	T1vsT0
						0.28	31.86	T0
						0.04	32.49	T1

Data are expressed as mean values ± SD comparing two groups and two periods. Statistical analysis: repeated measures analysis of variance; level of significance: p < 0.05;△ % for the difference between mean values, T1vs T0 intra-group, Sedentary (SED) vs Athlete (ATHL) groups for T0 and T1

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