Table 3 Rate of change in kinetics during acceleration phase of 40-m sprint against low- and high-resistance over the course of the fall and spring rugby seasons

 Low-resistance

HMB-Cr

0.32 ± 0.20 (0.19 to 0.45)

0.30 ± 0.07 (0.18 to 0.42)

0.20 ± 0.08 (0.12 to 0.28)

0.22 ± 0.13 (0.07 to 0.32)

Cr

0.35 ± 0.15 (0.23 to 0.47)

0.34 ± 0.17 (0.23 to 0.447)

0.20 ± 0.05 (0.13 to 0.26)

0.20 ± 0.05 (0.11 to 0.33)

d

0.17

0.29

0.11

0.23

 High-resistance

HMB-Cr

0.18 ± 0.16 (0.07 to 0.30)

0.26 ± 0.11 (0.13 to 0.39)

0.18 ± 0.09 (0.06 to 0.23)

0.14 ± 0.05 (0.08 to 0.21)

Cr

0.30 ± 0.13 (0.20 to 0.40)

0.31 ± 0.18 (0.17 to 0.44)

0.14 ± 0.03 (0.11 to 0.24)

0.15 ± 0.06 (0.08 to 0.19)

d

0.78

0.33

0.54

0.19

 Low-resistance

HMB-Cr

0.27 ± 0.11 (0.21 to 0.33)

0.25 ± 0.08 (0.19 to 0.32)

0.20 ± 0.07 (0.13 to 0.28)

0.24 ± 0.12 (0.08 to 0.29)

Cr

0.22 ± 0.05 (0.17 to 0.28)

0.19 ± 0.07 (0.13 to 0.25)

0.21 ± 0.04 (0.15 to 0.26)

0.18 ± 0.03 (0.14 to 0.32)

d

0.56

0.80

0.01

0.60

 High-resistance

HMB-Cr

0.15 ± 0.02 (0.13 to 0.17)

0.17 ± 0.05 (0.13 to 0.22)

0.13 ± 0.03 (0.09 to 0.15)

0.13 ± 0.05 (0.09 to 0.19)

Cr

0.14 ± 0.04 (0.12 to 0.16)

0.13 ± 0.05 (0.08 to 0.17)

0.12 ± 0.02 (0.11 to 0.16)

0.14 ± 0.03 (0.09 to 0.17)

d

0.27

0.91

0.34

0.25

 Low-resistance

HMB-Cr

9.4 ± 4.0 (7.0 to 11.6)

8.7 ± 2.6 (6.3 to 11.1)

6.9 ± 2.7 (4.0 to 9.4)

7.9 ± 4.6 (2.2 to 10.2)

Cr

8.2 ± 2.1 (6.0 to 10.3)

7.1 ± 2.8 (4.8 to 9.1)

6.8 ± 1.0 (4.81 to 9.1)

6.2 ± 0.8 (4.3 to 11.2)

d

0.39

0.60

0.05

0.51

 High-resistance

HMB-Cr

27.1 ± 4.3 (22.6 to 31.3)

31.8 ± 8.2 (23.2 to 40.2)

24.2 ± 6.0 (16.1 to 28.2)

24.1 ± 8.7 (16.7 to 34.6)

Cr

26.1 ± 7.3 (22.1 to 30.2)

24.0 ± 8.8 (15.3 to 32.4)

22.2 ± 4.3 (19.6 to 29.0)

25.6 ± 6.0 (16.3 to 31.7)

d

0.17

0.87

0.39

0.22