Fig. 2

Body mass (a), urine color (b) and urine specific gravity (USG) (c) before (T1) and after (T2) a 18.6 km cycling time-trial race, after ingesting either skim milk (grey line) or isotonic sport drink (black line). Time effects (all p < 0.05) were noted for body mass, urine color, and USG, however, no group, and no time × group interactions were noted (see text for further details)