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Table 1 Descriptive and training characteristics of the 12 participants (mean ± SD)

From: Effects of supplementing with an 18% carbohydrate-hydrogel drink versus a placebo during whole-body exercise in −5 °C with elite cross-country ski athletes: a crossover study

 

Females (n = 6)

Males (n = 6)

Age

years

24.8 ± 5.3

25.6 ± 4.7

Height

cm

167.7 ± 8.0

181.1 ± 3.1*

Body mass

kg

62.1 ± 6.4

75.7 ± 5.5*

Lean body mass

kg

46.3 ± 5.2

62.3 ± 2.8**

Body fat

%

21.4 ± 0.9

13.5 ± 4.7*

\( \dot{\mathrm{V}} \)O2peak

L·min−1

3.6 ± 0.5

5.3 ± 0.4**

mL·kg− 1·min− 1

59.9 ± 2.6

69.1 ± 2.9**

mL·kg LBM− 1·min− 1

81.1 ± 3.7

85.3 ± 6.7

Weekly training load (h)a

17.5 ± 3.4

19.7 ± 2.2

Of which:

 Endurance exercise (h)

≤ 75% HR

12.8 ± 3.9

12.9 ± 4.1

75–80% HR

1.6 ± 1.0

3.0 ± 2.9

80–85% HR

0.9 ± 0.4

1.4 ± 0.7

≥ 85% HR

0.9 ± 0.7

0.8 ± 0.5

 Gym-based strength training (h)

1.2 ± 0.8

1.9 ± 0.9

  1. LBM lean body mass, HR heart rate
  2. aDuring the four weeks preceding the experimental trials
  3. *Significantly different from females, P < 0.05
  4. **Significantly different from females, P < 0.001