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Table 3 Body composition outcomes

From: The effects of chronic betaine supplementation on body composition and performance in collegiate females: a double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial

 

Pre-Training

Post-Training

Effect Size

95% CI for Δ

Body Mass (kg)

B

70.2 ± 13.8

70.9 ± 13.8 a

0.06

−0.55, 1.93

PL

67.1 ± 10.1

68.3 ± 10.6 a

0.10

0.18, 2.13

Body Fat (%)

B

33.1 ± 9.3

29.7 ± 9.5 ab

− 0.44

−4.58, − 2.08

PL

32.3 ± 6.2

30.6 ± 5.8 a

− 0.23

− 2.74, − 0.74

Fat Mass (kg)

B

23.9 ± 11.2

21.9 ± 11.4 ab

− 0.22

−2.76, − 1.30

PL

22.0 ± 6.5

21.3 ± 6.6 a

− 0.09

− 1.59, 0.03

Fat Free Mass (kg)

B

46.0 ± 6.8

48.9 ± 6.3 a

0.49

1.31, 4.56

PL

45.1 ± 5.6

47.0 ± 5.6 a

0.32

1.33, 2.52

Total Water (L)

B

32.8 ± 4.4

33.7 ± 4.3 a

0.22

−0.78, 2.45

PL

31.3 ± 3.8

32.9 ± 3.8 a

0.39

0.82, 2.44

Intracellular Water (L)

B

16.9 ± 2.3

17.7 ± 2.0 a

0.40

−0.10, 1.62

PL

16.2 ± 1.9

17.3 ± 1.7 a

0.55

0.57, 1.54

Extracellular Water (L)

B

15.8 ± 2.4

15.9 ± 2.4

0.05

−0.80, 0.98

PL

15.0 ± 1.9

15.6 ± 2.1

0.29

0.08, 0.20

RF Muscle Thickness (mm)

B

2.97 ± 0.64

3.11 ± 0.67 a

0.26

0.08, 0.19

PL

2.84 ± 0.44

2.98 ± 0.54 a

0.26

0.09, 0.18

  1. B betaine, PL placebo
  2. asignificantly different from pre-training
  3. bsignificantly different from placebo