Table 2 Results from the subgroup meta-analyses
From: Effects of caffeine intake on muscle strength and power: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Subgroup analysis | SMD [95% CI] | p-value | Mean caffeine dose (mg.kg−1[range]) |
|---|---|---|---|
Strength outcomes | |||
Upper body strength | 0.21 [0.02, 0.39] | 0.026 | 4.7 [0.9–6] |
Lower body strength | 0.15 [−0.05, 0.34] | 0.147 | 4.8 [0.9–6] |
Capsule form of caffeine | 0.27 [0.04, 0.50] | 0.023 | 4.7 [2–6] |
Liquid form of caffeine | 0.11 [−0.17, 0.39] | 0.462 | 6 [6] |
Males | 0.21 [0.02, 0.41] | 0.034 | 4.7 [0.9–6] |
Females | 0.15 [−0.13, 0.43] | 0.294 | 5 [2–6] |
Trained participants | 0.18 [−0.02, 0.37] | 0.076 | 4.8 [0.9–6] |
Untrained participants | 0.27 [−0.09, 0.63] | 0.144 | 4.8 [2–5] |
Power outcomes | |||
Capsule form of caffeine | 0.14 [−0.06, 0.34] | 0.174 | 4.6 [2–7] |
Liquid form of caffeine | 0.24 [−0.06, 0.54] | 0.124 | 5.2 [3.7–6] |
Males | 0.16 [−0.02, 0,34] | 0.081 | 5.3 [3–7] |
Females | 0.23 [−0.23, 0.69] | 0.323 | 4.8 [2–6] |
Athletes | 0.23 [0.03, 0.42] | 0.025 | 4.4 [2–6] |
Non athletes | 0.03 [−0.33, 0.40] | 0.854 | 6.5 [6–7] |
Countermovement jump | 0.14 [−0.04, 0.32] | 0.138 | 5.0 [3.7–7] |
Sargent test | 0.31 [−0.09, 0.70] | 0.129 | 4.3 [2–6] |