Table 3 Effect sizes for acute effects of pre-workout supplements
| Â | Energy | Focus | Fatigue | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | F | M | F | M | F | |||||||
| Â | % | d | % | d | % | d | % | d | % | d | % | d |
P | +8% | 0.3 | +17% | 0.3 | +8% | 0.3 | +17% | 0.3 | −16% | −0.1 | −32% | −0.4 |
NC | +13% | 0.5 | +17% | 0.3 | +17% | 0.5 | +13% | 0.3 | −38% | −0.6 | −7% | −0.1 |
C | +15% | 0.7 | +44% | 0.8 | +15% | 0.5 | +25% | 0.4 | −38% | −0.5 | −20% | −0.5 |