Fig. 4

Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) values (mean ± standard devation) at baseline (BL), 45-min post ingestion of pre-workout supplement (PWS) (i.e., pre-leg extensor exercise; PRE), and 5-min post-leg extensor exercise (POST) for each load condition (i.e., 30 and 80% of 1RM) and treatment (i.e., placebo [PBO] and PWS). a) HR, b) systolic BP (SBP), c) diastolic BP (DBP), and d) mean arterial pressure (MAP). ANOVA revealed no main effects of load or its interaction with other independent variables (p > 0.05). Relevant ANOVA p-values regarding time (i.e., time point) and treatment variables are presented within each panel