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Table 2 Pre- and post-practice hydration and electrolyte measures by condition (M ± SD)

From: Individual fluid plans versus ad libitum on hydration status in minor professional ice hockey players

 

Control

Intervention

 

Pre

Post

Pre

Post

Urine specific gravity

1.024 ± 0.007

1.027 ± 0.005a

1.024 ± 0.006

1.026 ± 0.006b

Urine color

5 ± 2

6 ± 1c

5 ± 1

6 ± 1d

% Body mass loss

-

−1.14 ± 0.68

-

−0.95 ± 0.68

Urine sodium (mmol/L)

88.3 ± 56.4

72.3 ± 44.7

81.5 ± 48.8

73.5 ± 44.4

Urine potassium (mmol/L)

45.5 ± 23.9

80.6 ± 40.2e

65.1 ± 38.1f

83.1 ± 42.6g

  1. Euhydration and normal electrolyte values: urine specific gravity = < 1.020, urine color <4, body mass loss <1%, urine sodium 40–220 mmol/L, and urine potassium 25–120 mmol/L
  2. aSignificantly greater than pre-practice (t(35) = −2.8, p = 0.008, d = −0.5)
  3. bSignificantly greater than pre-practice (t(35) = −2.3, p = 0.031 d = −0.4)
  4. cSignificantly greater than pre-practice (t(35) = −4.9, p < 0.001, d = −0.8)
  5. dSignificantly greater than pre-practice (t(35) = −3.9, p < 0.001, d = −0.7)
  6. eSignificantly greater than pre-practice (t(25) = −5.1, p < 0.001, d = −1.0)
  7. fSignificantly greater than Control pre-practice (F 1,50 = 5.0, p = 0.030, ω2 = 0.1)
  8. gSignificantly greater than pre-practice (t(23) = −2.6, p = 0.016, d = −0.5)