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Table 1 Mean values (± SD) of daily dietary intake before Ramadan (S1), in the first week of Ramadan (S2), and in the fourth week of Ramadan (S3)

From: Ramadan fasting does not adversely affect neuromuscular performances and reaction times in trained karate athletes

 

S1

S2

S3

Energy (MJ/d)

13.3 ± 2.2

15.9 ± 2.1*

16.9 ± 2.0††

Energy (Kcal/d)

3173.3 ± 531.1

3774.7 ± 527.2*

4042.1 ± 488.9††

Protein (g/d)

108.0 ± 36.7

123.6 ± 21.3

128.0 ± 22.7

Protein (% of energy)

11.9 ± 2.4

12.1 ± 2.1

11.8 ± 1.4

Carbohydrates (g/d)

439.6 ± 78.3

471.1 ± 110.4

495.3 ± 66.9

Carbohydrates (% of energy)

54.1 ± 7.0

48.1 ± 5.5*

48.3 ± 4.7

Total fat (g/d)

126.8 ± 36.4

171.2 ± 20.2**

185.2 ± 32.2†††

Total fat (% of energy)

34.0 ± 5.8

39.8 ± 5.6**

40.0 ± 5.6††

Fluid intake (l)

1.8 ± 0.6

2.2 ± 0.6**

2.2 ± 0.6

  1. *, **: significant differences between S2 and S1 at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively
  2. †, ††, †††: significant differences between S3 and S1 at p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively