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Table 5 Markers of Muscle Catabolism, Secondary Muscle Damage, and Physiological Stress

From: Effects of powdered Montmorency tart cherry supplementation on an acute bout of intense lower body strength exercise in resistance trained males

Variable

Group

Baseline

Pre-Lift

60-min Post

24-hr Post

48-hr Post

Group Mean

p-value (GG)

p-value (WSC)

AST (U/L)

P

31.85±9.65

27.47±6.40

30.79±7.88

41.39±13.31

37.67±10.33

33.83±2.19

G=0.919

 

TC

37.70±17.65

28.39±7.62

29.53±6.46

40.59±17.59

31.32±11.57

33.51±2.29

T=0.003*

T q =0.759

Time Mean

34.78±2.93

27.93±1.46†

30.16±1.51Ψ

40.99±3.23Ψ◊

34.50±2.28Ψ#

 

G X T=0.316

G X T L =0.162

ALT (U/L)

P

33.81±18.74

32.21±12.26

34.19±13.60

36.78±14.97

35.80±13.84

34.56±4.19

G=0.455

 

TC

31.78±13.22

30.01±19.33

28.32±15.83

31.08±19.58

28.54±17.41

29.94±4.38

T=0.529

T L =0.180

Time Mean

32.79±3.41

31.11±3.34

31.26±3.07

33.93±3.61Ψ◊

32.17±3.27

 

G X T=0.521

G X T L =0.266

Total Billirubin (umol/L)

P

8.00±3.67

7.25±3.47

9.08±5.31

8.14±3.82

7.35±3.21

7.96±1.01

G=0.395

 

TC

9.65±3.85

9.98±4.95

9.58±4.01

9.79±5.20

7.19±3.21

9.24±1.06

T=0.064§

T q =0.026*

Time Mean

8.83±0.78

8.61±0.89

9.33±0.99

8.97±0.95

7.27±0.67†Ψ◊#

 

G X T=0.306

G X T L =0.125

Urea/BUN (mmol/L)

P

6.59±1.54

6.16±1.74

6.07±1.59

6.48±1.96

5.92±2.33

6.24±0.44

G=0.794

 

TC

6.49±1.39

6.75±1.30

6.40±1.33

6.59±1.83

5.83±1.66

6.41±0.46

T=0.061§

T L =0.055§

Time Mean

6.54±0.31

6.46±0.32

6.24±0.31

6.53±0.40

5.88±0.43†Ψ#

 

G X T=0.594

G X T q =0.238

Creatinine (umol/L)

P

96.50±13.23

97.19±19.28

102.76±17.25^

98.91±21.16^

95.20±17.73^◊

98.11±4.05

G=0.273

 

TC

91.82±11.99

96.84±15.27

95.42±14.37

91.52±11.27

81.99±14.87†Ψ◊#

91.52±4.23

T=0.004*

T q =0.003*

Time Mean

94.16±2.64

97.02±3.65

99.09±3.33

95.21±3.58

88.60±3.43†Ψ◊#

 

G X T=0.178

G X T L =0.030*

BUN/Creatinine Ratio

P

17.11±4.38

15.97±3.99

14.82±3.66

16.66±5.67

15.50±5.26

16.01±1.08

G=0.353

 

TC

17.65±3.76

17.51±3.83

16.82±3.74

17.85±4.35

17.64±3.80

17.50±1.13

T=0.214

T q =0.225

Time Mean

17.37±4.01

16.71±3.90

15.78±3.75†Ψ

17.23±5.00

16.53±4.64

 

G X T=0.721

G X T L =0.388

Uric Acid (umol/L)

P

328±66

317±66

444±136

367±80

349±88

361.12±20.37

G=0.647

 

TC

306±52

310±54

470±117

350±93

302±79

347.44±21.28

T<0.001*

T q <0.001*

Time Mean

317±12

314±13

457±27†Ψ

358±18†Ψ◊

325±17◊#

 

G X T=0.298

G X T q =0.146

CK (U/L)

P

468±288

322±243

451±267

967±700

855±981

613±82

G=0.487

 

TC

843±1156

259±146

355±198

770±470

415±213

529±86

T=0.025*

T q =0.222

Time Mean

656±172

291±42†

403±49Ψ

869±126Ψ◊

635±151Ψ

 

G X T=0.209

G X T L =0.100§

Total Protein (mmol/L)

P

78.67±6.11

67.55±7.96^†

72.23±6.47†Ψ

68.67±9.45†

73.67±11.11†Ψ#

72.16±1.52

G=0.305

 

TC

80.53±4.60

74.13±2.62†

74.59±4.18†

72.43±6.72†

70.66±7.92†Ψ◊

74.47±1.59

T<0.001*

T q <0.001*

Time Mean

79.60±1.14

70.84±1.26†

73.41±1.15†Ψ

70.55±1.72†

72.17±2.03†

 

G XT=0.091§

G X T q =0.018*

  1. Individual group and time data expressed as means ± SD, while group effects are presented as means ± SEM. Data represents the response to muscle catabolism, mechanical damage, and physiological stress at each test session during the 10 day intervention. MANOVA analysis revealed overall Wilks' Lambda time (p<0.001) and group x time (p=0.504). Univariate ANOVA p-levels from MANOVA analysis are presented for each variable. Univariate ANOVA p-levels are listed first by the Greenhouse-Geisser (GG) analysis and then by the within-subjects contrasts (WSC) to demonstrate the potential shape of the time or group x time interaction with significance indicated by the following super/subscripts: * indicates p<0.05 p-level significance, § indicates p<0.10 p-level significance. LSD post hoc analysis is indicated by the following superscripts: ^ represents p<0.05 difference between groups, † represents p<0.05 difference from baseline value, Ψ represents p<0.05 difference from pre-lift, ◊ represents p<0.05 difference from 60-min post, # represents p<0.05 difference from 24-hr post. AST Aspartate aminotransferase, ALT Alanine aminotransferase, BUN blood urea nitrogen, CK Creatine kinase, G group p-level, T time p-level, G x T interaction, q quadratic p-level, L linear p-level