Table 1 Group characteristics, performance data, clinical chemistry and nutrition data of 52 trained subjects^a, estimated at baseline

Group characteristics, VO_2max, P_max data:

Age, yr

33.6 ± 5.3

37.2 ± 4.9

BMI, kg ^. m^-2

22.7 ± 2.2

23.2 ± 2.1

Weight, kg (men)

73.8 ± 5.9

74.6 ± 6.3

Weight, kg (women)

56.7 ± 3.9

58.8 ± 3.4

Total body fat, % (men)

13.5 ± 3.1

14.1 ± 3.9

Total body fat, % (women)

17.7 ± 2.1

17.3 ± 2.2

VO_2max, mL (men)^d

4263 ± 132

4187 ± 119

relVO_2max, mL ^. kg^{-1 .} min^-1(men)^e

53.2 ± 5.1

52.3 ± 4.6

VO_2max, mL (female)^f

2367 ± 128

2357 ± 132

relVO_2max, mL ^. kg^{-1 .} min^-1(women)^g

42.5 ± 3.6

41.4 ± 3.6

P_max, W (men)^h

360.4 ± 29.1

352.3 ± 24.6

relP_max, W ^. min^-1 (men)ⁱ

4.6 ± 0.5

4.5 ± 0.4

P_max, W (women)^j

240.5 ± 25.5

241.8 ± 23.6

relP_max, W ^. min^-1 (women)^k

4.2 ± 0.8

4.1 ± 0.7

Clinical Chemistry (exerpts):

Glucose, mmol ^. L^-1

3.9 - 6.1

4.1 ± 0.5

4.6 ± 0.4

Hemoglobin, g ^. L^-1

136 - 172

152 ± 12

150 ± 19

Iron, μmol ^. L^-1

11 - 32

21.4 ± 5.5

20.6 ± 4.9

Ferritin, μg ^. L^-1

18 - 300

111 ± 32

99 ± 26

Cholesterol, mmol ^. L^-1

<5.85

4.27 ± 1.03

4.36 ± 1.13

HDL, mmol ^. L^-1

0.80 - 1.80

1.20 ± 0.13

1.23 ± 0.19

Triglycerides, mmol ^. L^-1

<1.80

0.92 ± 0.32

0.98 ± 0.26

Testosterone, nmol ^. L^-1(men)

10 - 31

16.3 ± 4.9

18.2 ± 4.1

Creatinine, μmol ^. L^-1

50 - 110

90 ± 11

89 ± 17

Vitamin C (ascorbate), μmol ^. L^-1

30 - 110

57.3 ± 15.7

63.6 ± 22.9

Uric acid, μmol ^. L^-1

120 - 420

315.5 ± 69.6

311.4 ± 64.4

Aluminium, nmol ^. L^-1

0 - 560

199.2 ± 43.6

209.1 ± 59.3

Nutrition (exerpts):

Energy, kJ ^. d^-1

11776 - 13902

12445 ± 893

12756 ± 1455

Fat, %

<30 % of kJ · d^-1

33.5 ± 4.2 %

34.1 ± 3.1 %

Protein, %

10 - 15 % of kJ · d^-1

16.3 ± 2.1 %

15.8 ± 3.2 %

Carbohydrates, %

>50 % of kJ · d^-1

48.3 ± 9.1 %

49.2 ± 10.3 %

Water, mL

2600

2998 ± 495

2779 ± 682

Fibres, g

30

26 ± 5

25 ± 4

Vitamin C, mg

72 - 106

132 ± 48

118 ± 67

Vitamin E, mg

14

15 ± 5

13 ± 9

Folate, μg

434 - 505

282 ± 155

292 ± 165

Vitamin B-6, mg

3.2 - 3.8

1.89 ± 2.9

1.85 ± 2.8

Vitamin B-12, μg

3.3 – 3.7

5.0 ± 2.8

5.6 ± 1.4

Sodium, mg

>646

2711 ± 885

2689 ± 970

Potassium, mg

2171 - 2523

3362 ± 904

3436 ± 1251

Magnesium, mg

185 - 361

408 ± 134

385 ± 119

Calcium, mg

1085 - 1261

1080 ± 395

1007 ± 327

Iron, mg

10.9 - 12.5

14.3 ± 5.6

13.9 ± 7.2