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Table 2 Vitamin D in vitro, in vivo and intervention studies on recovery

From: Plausible ergogenic effects of vitamin D on athletic performance and recovery

Author

Reference#

Population

Subjects/Specimens

Type of Study

Intervention

Duration

Results

Garcia et al. 2013

[48]

Human - Ex Vivo

Human Myoblasts

In Vitro

C2C12 Myoblasts treated with 100 nM of 1,25-D3 or Placebo

1, 4, and 10 Days

↑ in Myogenic Differentiation & Proliferation

Garcia et al. 2011

[49]

Human - Ex Vivo

Human Myoblasts

In Vitro

C2C12 Myoblasts treated with 100 nM of 1,25- D3 or Placebo

1, 3, 4, 7, and 10 Days

Down-regulation of Myostatin

Stratos et al. 2013

[50]

Rat Model

56 Male Wistar Rats

Intervention - In Vivo

High Dose Group: 332,000 Ill/kg Low Dose Group: 33,200 lU/kg- Regeneration of Crushed Soleus Muscle

42 Days

High vs Low: (1) ↓ in Apoptosis (2) ↑ in Cellular Matrix Proteins (3) ↑ Tectonic Force Production (4) Enhanced Recovery

Barker et al. 2013

[52]

Healthy & Active Males

28 Mode rat ly Active (30-min of exercise 3xWeek) Males (Vitamin D Group Age =30 ± 6, N = 14); (Placebo Group Age =31 ± 5, N = 14)

Intervention - RCT - Placebo + Double Blind

10 sets of 10reps of peak isometric force jumps 4000 IU of Vitamin D3 or Placebo/Day

28 Days

Vitamin D vs Placebo: (1) ↓ ALT and AST(2) Less of a ↓ in peak power output