Effects of 28 days of beta-alanine and creatine supplementation on muscle carnosine, body composition and exercise performance in recreationally active females

Table 3 Aerobic exercise capacity results observed among groups

	BA (n = 8)	BAC (n = 8)	CRE (n = 8)	PLA (n =6)	Time	P value
VO_2peak (ml/kg/min)
Baseline	41.50 ± 5.60	40.85 ± 6.98	34.20 ± 5.73	35.88 ± 9.65	38.26 ± 7.33	T = 0.54
1 Week	41.58 ± 5.96	39.89 ± 7.62	36.10 ± 6.04	33.75 ± 10.5	38.10 ± 7.72	G = 0.20
4 Weeks	41.53 ± 6.12	39.35 ± 6.96	35.34 ± 2.98	37.90 ± 9.03	38.57 ± 6.52	T × G_q = 0.07
Group	41.53 ± 2.35	40.03 ± 2.35	35.21 ± 2.35	35.84 ± 2.72
Time to exhaustion (sec)
Baseline	1,249 ± 210	1,185 ± 303	963 ± 289	1,093 ± 324	1,125 ± 290	T = 0.30
1 Week	1,294 ± 246	1,196 ± 360	1,020 ± 251	1,032 ± 314	1,142 ± 303	G = 0.24
4 Weeks	1,293 ± 240	1,173 ± 319	1,046 ± 198	1,083 ± 310	1,153 ± 273	T × G_q = 0.13
Group	1,279 ± 97	1,185 ± 97	1,010 ± 97	1,069 ± 112
METS
Baseline	11.88 ± 1.60	11.63 ± 2.00	9.79 ± 1.64	10.27 ± 2.77	10.93 ± 2.09	T = 0.56
1 Week	11.88 ± 1.70	11.41 ± 2.19	10.31 ± 1.74	9.63 ± 3.00	10.89 ± 2.21	G = 0.20
4 Weeks	11.85 ± 1.74	11.25 ± 1.98	10.09 ± 0.85	10.83 ± 2.54	11.02 ± 1.86	T × G_q = 0.07
Group	11.87 ± 0.67	11.43 ± 0.67	10.06 ± 0.37	10.24 ± 0.78
Ventilatory threshold (%VO_2peak)
Baseline	86.81 ± 8.73	86.44 ± 10.73	77.01 ± 6.46	85.75 ± 10.64	83.89 ± 9.68	T < 0.001
1 Week	84.06 ± 7.34	85.35 ± 10.47	78.61 ± 10.53	84.78 ± 11.03	83.30 ± 9.79	G = 0.44
4 Weeks	78.59 ± 9.75	78.26 ± 13.02	76.50 ± 11.21	75.30 ± 9.63	77.29 ± 10.58†ǂ	T × G = 0.19
Group	83.15 ± 2.92	83.35 ± 2.92	77.38 ± 2.92	82.29 ± 3.73

Individual group and time data are presented as means ± SD while time and group effects are presented as means ± SEM. MANOVA analysis revealed overall Wilks’ Lambda time (p < 0.049) and group × time (p = 0.017) effects. Univariate ANOVA p-levels from MANOVA analysis are presented for each variable. BA signifies beta-alanine only group; BAC represents beta-alanine and creatine combined group; CRE represents the creatine only group; PLA represents the placebo group; T represents time p-level; G represents group p-level, and T × G represents interaction. _q represents quadratic p-level. † represents p < 0.05 difference from baseline. ǂ represents p < 0.05 difference from 1 week.

ISSN: 1550-2783