Effects of 28 days of beta-alanine and creatine supplementation on muscle carnosine, body composition and exercise performance in recreationally active females

Kresta, Julie Y; Oliver, Jonathan M; Jagim, Andrew R; Fluckey, James; Riechman, Steven; Kelly, Katherine; Meininger, Cynthia; Mertens-Talcott, Susanne U; Rasmussen, Christopher; Kreider, Richard B

doi:10.1186/s12970-014-0055-6

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

Table 2 Changes in body weight, body composition, and body water

From: Effects of 28 days of beta-alanine and creatine supplementation on muscle carnosine, body composition and exercise performance in recreationally active females

	BA (n = 8)	BAC (n = 9)	CRE (n = 8)	PLA (n =7)	Time	P value
Body weight (kg)
Baseline	63.16 ± 7.48	59.18 ± 5.42	61.15 ± 5.68	58.60 ± 5.81	60.54 ± 6.10	T = 0.01
1 Week	63.32 ± 7.30	59.33 ± 5.32	61.38 ± 5.94	59.22 ± 6.07	60.82 ± 6.11	G = 0.50
4 Weeks	63.60 ± 7.28	60.16 ± 5.02	61.26 ± 5.65	59.44 ± 5.88	61.14 ± 5.91†	T × G = 0.49
Group	63.36 ± 2.14	59.56 ± 2.02	61.26 ± 2.14	59.09 ± 2.29
Fat mass (kg)
Baseline	16.49 ± 4.93	14.10 ± 3.27	14.30 ± 4.88	14.76 ± 3.94	14.89 ± 4.19	T = 0.05
1 Week	15.52 ± 4.30	13.17 ± 2.57	13.86 ± 4.79	13.84 ± 4.07	14.08 ± 3.88†	G = 0.50
4 Weeks	16.59 ± 4.67	12.99 ± 3.01	13.44 ± 3.00	14.02 ± 4.39	14.23 ± 3.88	T × G = 0.57
Group	16.20 ± 1.38	13.42 ± 1.30	13.89 ± 1.38	14.21 ± 1.47
Fat free mass (kg)
Baseline	41.08 ± 4.20	39.77 ± 4.42	41.36 ± 3.33	38.40 ± 3.18	40.19 ± 3.35	T = 0.000
1 Week	42.05 ± 3.78	40.86 ± 4.65	42.06 ± 3.17	39.86 ± 3.38	41.23 ± 3.76†	G = 0.59
4 Weeks	41.40 ± 4.35	41.72 ± 4.44	42.55 ± 3.85	39.92 ± 3.09	41.45 ± 3.93†	T × G = 0.17
Group	41.51 ± 1.35	40.78 ± 1.27	41.99 ± 1.35	39.40 ± 1.44
Percent fat (%)
Baseline	28.23 ± 6.72	26.03 ± 5.25	25.25 ± 6.62	27.51 ± 5.34	26.71 ± 5.84	T = 0.02
1 Week	26.51 ± 5.08	24.40 ± 4.56	24.34 ± 6.52	25.46 ± 5.23	25.14 ± 5.19†	G = 0.62
4 Weeks	28.25 ± 6.34	23.76 ± 5.14	23.88 ± 4.11	25.60 ± 5.94	25.32 ± 5.48†	T × G = 0.45
Group	27.66 ± 1.88	24.73 ± 1.78	24.49 ± 1.88	26.19 ± 2.02
Total body water (%)
Baseline	51.31 ± 4.09	53.79 ± 6.56	48.86 ± 5.48	50.90 ± 4.48	51.30 ± 5.33	T = 0.66
1 Week	51.27 ± 3.83	52.56 ± 4.22	50.53 ± 3.61	50.01 ± 3.39	51.15 ± 3.72	G = 0.44
4 Weeks	50.61 ± 3.06	53.33 ± 3.96	51.66 ± 3.66	50.53 ± 3.08	51.59 ± 3.66	T × G = 0.30
Group	51.07 ± 1.45	53.23 ± 1.35	50.35 ± 1.47	50.48 ± 1.45

Individual group and time data are presented as means ± SD while time and group effects are presented as means ± SEM. MANOVA analysis on DEXA body composition revealed overall Wilks’ Lambda time (p < 0.001) and group × time (p = 0.57) effects. Univariate ANOVA p-levels from MANOVA analysis are presented for each body composition variable. BA signifies beta-alanine only group; BAC represents beta-alanine and creatine combined group; CRE represents the creatine only group; PLA represents the placebo group; T represents time p-level; G represents group p-level, and T × G represents interaction. † represents p < 0.05 difference from baseline.

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ISSN: 1550-2783

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