|
Total Sample (n = 86)
|
Injured (n = 47)
|
Non-Injured (n = 39)
|
p value (injured vs. non-injured)
|
Goal
|
p value (injured vs. DRI)
|
p value (all runners vs. DRI)
|
---|
Energy Intake (kcal/d)
|
2120 ± 861
|
2002 ± 547
|
2262 ± 1123
|
.083
|
2567–2807
| |
<.005**
|
Energy Intake (kcal/kgFFM/d)
|
45 ± 18.2
|
43 ± 11.8
|
47 ± 23.7
|
.138
| | | |
Energy Balance (kcal/kgFFM/d)
|
-20 ± 17.5
|
-22 ± 13.1
|
-16 ± 21.6
|
.073
| | | |
Energy Availability (kcal/kgFFM/d)
|
32 ± 17.8
|
29 ± 13.3
|
35 ± 21.8
|
.070
| | | |
% Protein
|
16 ± 3.0
|
16 ± 2.6
|
16 ± 3.4
|
.824
| | | |
% Carbohydrates
|
54 ± 7.2
|
56 ± 6.5
|
53 ± 7.8
|
.111
| | | |
% Fat
|
29 ± 6.4
|
27 ± 5.1
|
30± 7.6
|
.021**
| | | |
Protein (g)
|
85 ± 38
|
81 ± 25
|
90 ± 49
|
.240
|
46
| | |
Protein(g)/kg/day
|
2 ± 0.7
|
1 ± 0.4
|
2 ± 0.9
|
.296
| | | |
Carbohydrates (g)
|
296 ± 119
|
288 ± 90
|
305 ± 147
|
.507
|
130
| | |
Fat (g)
|
71 ± 38
|
63 ± 20
|
80 ± 50
|
.016**
| | | |
Dietary Fiber (g)
|
29 ± 14
|
28 ± 12
|
30 ± 16
|
.560
|
25
| | |
Vitamin A (RE)
|
2164 ± 1105
|
1948 ± 869
|
2424 ± 1300
|
.046**
|
700
| | |
Vitamin B6 (mg)
|
3 ± 1.1
|
3 ± 0.8
|
3 ± 1.3
|
.222
|
1.3
| | |
Vitamin B12 (mg)
|
8 ± 6.4
|
7 ± 3.5
|
9 ± 8.7
|
.123
|
2.4
| | |
Vitamin C (mg)
|
195 ± 90
|
197 ± 91
|
192 ± 91
|
.812
|
75
| | |
Vitamin D (mg)
|
5 ± 4.5
|
5 ± 3.1
|
5 ± 5.9
|
.475
|
5
|
.450
| |
Vitamin E (mg)
|
14 ± 8
|
13 ± 6
|
16 ± 10
|
.065
|
15
|
.015**
| |
Vitamin K (mg)
|
52 ± 31
|
45 ± 24
|
60 ± 35
|
.019**
|
90
| |
<.005**
|
Magnesium (mg)
|
427 ± 178
|
401 ± 128
|
458 ± 222
|
.136
|
320
| | |
Calcium (mg)
|
1149 ± 661
|
1111 ± 520
|
1194 ± 803
|
.567
|
1000
| | |
Iron (mg)
|
21 ± 12
|
20 ± 8
|
23 ± 15
|
.134
|
18
| | |
Zinc (mg)
|
14 ± 7
|
13 ± 4
|
15 ± 9
|
.105
|
8
| | |
Copper (mg)
|
2 ± 0.7
|
2 ± 0.6
|
2 ± 0.8
|
.095
|
0.9
| | |
- Values are presented as mean ± SD.
- Goal values are taken from the most recent US DRI for healthy females age 19 – 50.
- Estimated energy requirement in kilocalories taken from most recent DRI for very active female, 30 years of age, 1.65 m in height with BMI between 18.5 – 24.99 kg/m2.
- One-sided p values are indicated in italics.
- ** One-way ANOVA significant at p < 0.05