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Table 3 Changes of the main outcomes during and at the end of the experimental procedure

From: Effects of soluble milk protein or casein supplementation on muscle fatigue following resistance training program: a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study

 

PRE

MID

POST

POST + 5

Muscle endurance (number of repetitions)*

SMP

15.5 ± 3.9

17.3 ± 4.7

19.2 ± 7.1

25.2 ± 13.7

MC

16.8 ± 3.4

19.3 ± 4.6

21.3 ± 6.0

25.8 ± 9.5

PLA

16.5 ± 4.0

18.5 ± 6.0

20.5 ± 7.0

25.2 ± 10.4

1-RM (kg)*

SMP

83.5 ± 16.0

91.3 ± 13.7

96.1 ± 12.4

-

MC

86.6 ± 17.7

98.9 ± 18.2

98.9 ± 17.4

-

PLA

87.7 ± 16.7

100.3 ± 13.3

104.8 ± 11.3

-

Muscle thickness (mm)*

SMP

21.5 ± 3.5

-

22.2 ± 3.5

-

MC

21.8 ± 3.1

-

22.1 ± 3.1

-

PLA

21.0 ± 3.2

-

22.0 ± 3.6

-

% body fat

SMP

8.6 ± 2.2

8.5 ± 2.5

8.9 ± 2.6

-

MC

9.4 ± 4.3

9.8 ± 5.1

10.0 ± 4.6

-

PLA

9.9 ± 4.6

9.9 ± 4.5

10.3 ± 5.0

-

% body fat free mass

SMP

48.2 ± 2.0

47.9 ± 2.0

47.9 ± 2.3

-

MC

47.1 ± 3.1

46.9 ± 3.5

46.7 ± 3.2

-

PLA

46.9 ± 3.4

47.4 ± 4.0

46.7 ± 3.4

-

Body mass (kg)

SMP

70.8 ± 8.7

72.5 ± 8.1

72.2 ± 8.9

-

MC

77.7 ± 14.7

79.0 ± 15.1

79.2 ± 15.3

-

PLA

76.6 ± 13.3

77.7 ± 12.7

78.3 ± 13.2

-

  1. Data are mean values ± SD. PLA: placebo; MC: micellar casein; SMP: soluble milk protein; BMI: body mass index; 1-RM: maximum load lifted by leg extension. *: significant effect (P < 0.05).