|
Group
|
Ramadan effect
|
Group effect
|
Ramadan × group effect
|
|---|
|
F(1,14)
|
P-value
|
η
p
2
|
F(1,14)
|
P-value
|
η
p
2
|
F(1,14)
|
P-value
|
η
p
2
|
|---|
|
Urea (mmol•l-1)
|
FAST
|
4.55 ± 0.33
|
4.72 ± 0.39**
|
15.05
|
0.002
|
0.52
|
0.06
|
0.81
|
0.004
|
1.35
|
0.26
|
0.08
|
|
[CV = 5.7%]a
|
FED
|
4.43 ± 0.18
|
4.76 ± 0.19*
|
|
Creatinine (μmol•l-1)
|
FAST
|
89.87 ± 3.18
|
94.12 ± 4.26*
|
15
|
0.002
|
0.51
|
1.17
|
0.3
|
0.07
|
0.1
|
0.76
|
0.01
|
|
[CV = 3%]
|
FED
|
87.32 ± 5.32
|
92.62 ± 3.78*
|
|
Uric acid (μmol•l-1)
|
FAST
|
309.75 ± 68.96
|
356.75 ± 63.86***
|
22.4
|
<0.001
|
0.61
|
1.21
|
0.28
|
0.08
|
0
|
0.99
|
0
|
|
[CV = 2.8%]
|
FED
|
279 ± 56.07
|
326.12 ± 44.73*
|
|
Creatinine clearance
|
FAST
|
129.27 ± 9.02
|
125.09 ± 11.97
|
5.36
|
0.04
|
0.27
|
0.008
|
0.93
|
0.0005
|
0.19
|
0.67
|
0.01
|
|
(ml•min-1)
|
FED
|
130.61 ± 6.86
|
124.46 ± 7.96
|
|
Sodium (mmol•l-1)
|
FAST
|
142.25 ± 2.71
|
144.25 ± 1.16*
|
17.9
|
<0.001
|
0.56
|
0.2
|
0.64
|
0.01
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
|
[CV = 2.7%]
|
FED
|
142.62 ± 1.41
|
144.62 ± 1.68*
|
|
Potassium (mmol•l-1)
|
FAST
|
4.49 ± 0.42
|
4.74 ± 0.55*
|
3.09
|
0.1
|
0.18
|
0.02
|
0.9
|
0.001
|
10.66
|
0.006
|
0.43
|
|
[CV = 2.8%]
|
FED
|
4.67 ± 0.37
|
4.6 ± 0.23
|
|
Chloride (mmol•l-1)
|
FAST
|
102.37 ± 1.68
|
104.25 ± 1.83*
|
20.55
|
<0.001
|
0.6
|
0.89
|
0.36
|
0.05
|
0.17
|
0.68
|
0.01
|
|
[CV = 2.9%]
|
FED
|
101.5 ± 1.19
|
103.75 ± 2.05**
| | | | | | | | | |
- Significantly different from before Ramadan: * (P < 0.05); ** (P < 0.01); *** (P < 0.001). Note: FAST = subjects training in a fasted state; FED = subjects training in a fed state; a = inter-assay coefficient of variance. Before Ramadan (Bef-R) = 2 days before beginning the fast; end of Ramadan (End-R) = 29 days after beginning the fast.
