Study | Subjects | Protocol | Findings |
---|---|---|---|
Tsalis et al. [42] | 21 male and 21 female swimmers, iron-repleted (sFer >30 μg/L, Hb > 12 g/dl) aged 12–17 years BMI 20 | Study design: | - NS differences in iron status and exercise performance among 3 groups. |
Supplementation and dietary randomised control trial | 6-month intervention | ||
A: Fe supplement (47Â mg/d) | |||
B: diet rich in Fe (26Â mg/d) | |||
C: placebo | |||
Dietary assessment: | |||
Records of daily food intake | |||
Performance assessment: | |||
Swimming tests | |||
Ishizaki et al. [43] | 8 collegiate rhythmic gymnasts, aged 18–19 years, BMI 19.7, sFer <20 μg/L | Study design: | - SIG increased sFer and δ-ALAD activity (enzyme responsible for RBC turnover) after diet intervention. |
Dietary intervention | 4-weeks intervention in 2Â years cohorts: | ||
−1st year self-selected diets | - No effect on other parameters of iron status. | ||
−2nd year fixed diet for 4 weeks (15 mg Fe/day) | |||
Dietary assessment: | |||
3-day FD 3 times in 1st / 2nd year at baseline, 4, 8Â weeks | |||
Performance assessment: | |||
None | |||
Lyle et al. [11] | 60 exercising (2.3–2.5 days/week) females, previously sedentary, iron-repleted (sFer >20 μg/L, Hb > 12 g/dl) aged 18–19 years | Study design: | - Moderate aerobic exercise compromised iron status. |
Supplementation and dietary randomised control trial | 12-week intervention | - Meat diet was more effective in protecting Hb and iron status than were iron supplements. | |
A: Fe 50 mg + low diet Fe | |||
B: Fe 10 mg + low diet Fe | |||
C: placebo | |||
D: meat diet (18Â mg Fe) | |||
Dietary assessment: | |||
7-day FD | |||
Performance assessment: | |||
Walking and treadmill tests | |||
Anschuetz et al. [12] | 12 male and 5 female collegiate middle distance runners and 6 male and 2 female non-running controls, aged 18–24 years, sFer <30 μg/L | Study design: | - sFer SIG greater in MHIA than LMIA group. |
Dietary advice counselling intervention | 4-week dietary advice counselling intervention in LMIA group only | - SIG correlations between absorbable dietary Fe and sFer, sFe, TIBC and Hb. | |
LMIA: low/medium Fe availability diet | - No significant difference in iron status indices between LMIA and MHIA groups post-intervention | ||
MHIA: medium/high Fe availability diet | |||
C: control | |||
Dietary assessment: | |||
3-day FD | |||
Performance assessment: | |||
None | |||
Burke et al. [13] | 14 male and 14 female collegiate cross country runners, aged 18–24 years, sFer >60 μg/L | Study design: | - NS improvements in haematocrit and TIBC in intervention group females. |
Dietary randomised control trial | 8-week intervention | - No differences between the groups in other parameters of iron status. | |
IG: 9Â oz lean beef/week | - No difference in VO2max changes between the groups. | ||
C: control group | |||
Dietary assessment: | |||
3-day FD | |||
Performance assessment: | |||
Treadmill tests | |||
Alaunyte et al. [1] | 11 female runners, recruited from running clubs, aged 20–44 years, BMI 23, sFer >30 μg/L | Study design: | - NS improvements in iron |
Dietary intervention | 6-week intervention (18.5 mg Fe/d) | - SIG correlations between ↑ dietary iron and ↑ sFer (r = 0.8, P < 0.05). | |
Dietary assessment: | |||
Multiple 24-h recalls | |||
Performance assessment: | |||
None |