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Table 2 Biochemical biomarkers of rats submitted to continuous or interval swimming with or without supplement

From: Hesperidin associated with continuous and interval swimming improved biochemical and oxidative biomarkers in rats

Group name#

C

CH

CS

CSH

IS

ISH

(n)

(10)

(10)

(10)

(10)

(10)

(10)

Glucose, mg/dL

93.9 ± 4.4a

91.2 ±2.5ab

88.2 ± 2.5ab

85.6 ± 3.9bc

81.5 ± 6.4c

75.3 ± 5.7d

Triglycerides, mg/dL

147 ± 15a

126 ± 13.1b

122 ± 17b

125 ±7.7b

115 ± 19b

108 ± 12b

Cholesterol, mg/dL

140 ± 22ab

118 ± 9.7c

120 ± 17c

106 ± 7.1d

146 ± 11.1a

125 ±10b

LDL-C, mg/dL

64.9 ± 15.6a

31.1 ± 14.4b

31.2 ± 17.9b

11.8 ±8.3c

55.2 ± 10.4a

32.6 ± 10.1b

HDL-C, mg/dL

45.4 ± 6.3b

61.2 ± 5.2a

63.9 ± 4.5a

72.0 ± 8.1a

68.2 ± 4.7a

70.6 ±4.9a

TBARS, μM

1.30 ± 0.45a

1.08 ± 0.31a

1.24 ± 0.29a

1.34 ± 0.18a

2.23 ± 1.37b

1.23 ± 0.33a

DPPH, % reduction

25.2 ± 4.5b

22.4 ± 3.3b

9.9 ± 3.9a

28.0 ± 3.6c

16.4 ± 1.5b

15.0 ± 13.4b

  1. #C negative control, CH positive control, CS continuous swimming, CSH continuous swimming + hesperidin, IS interval swimming, ISH interval swimming + hesperidin.
  2. Results are expressed as mean ± SD.
  3. a, b, c, d Statistical differences among groups, indicated by different letters, were tested by Anova One Way, followed by Tukey test for glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, DPPH, and Student Newman-Keuls for TBARS (P < 0.05).